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  • Journal article
    Gambrel AE, Rahlin AS, Song X, Contaldi CR, Ade PAR, Amiri M, Benton SJ, Bergman AS, Bihary R, Bock JJ, Bond JR, Bonetti JA, Bryan SA, Chiang HC, Duivenvoorden AJ, Eriksen HK, Farhang M, Filippini JP, Fraisse AA, Freese K, Galloway M, Gandilo NN, Gualtieri R, Gudmundsson JE, Halpern M, Hartley J, Hasselfield M, Hilton G, Holmes W, Hristov VV, Huang Z, Irwin KD, Jones WC, Karakci A, Kuo CL, Kermish ZD, Leung JS-Y, Li S, Mak DSY, Mason PV, Megerian K, Moncelsi L, Morford TA, Nagy JM, Netterfield CB, Nolta M, O'Brient R, Osherson B, Padilla IL, Racine B, Reintsema C, Ruhl JE, Ruud TM, Shariff JA, Shaw EC, Shiu C, Soler JD, Trangsrud A, Tucker C, Tucker RS, Turner AD, van der List JF, Weber AC, Wehus IK, Wen S, Wiebe DV, Young EYet al., 2021,

    The XFaster power spectrum and likelihood estimator for the analysis of cosmic microwave background maps

    , The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics, Vol: 922, Pages: 1-17, ISSN: 0004-637X

    We present the XFaster analysis package, a fast, iterative angular power spectrum estimator based on a diagonal approximation to the quadratic Fisher matrix estimator. It uses Monte Carlo simulations to compute noise biases and filter transfer functions and is thus a hybrid of both Monte Carlo and quadratic estimator methods. In contrast to conventional pseudo-Cℓ–based methods, the algorithm described here requires a minimal number of simulations and does not require them to be precisely representative of the data to estimate accurate covariance matrices for the bandpowers. The formalism works with polarization-sensitive observations and also data sets with identical, partially overlapping, or independent survey regions. The method was first implemented for the analysis of BOOMERanG data and also used as part of the Planck analysis. Here we describe the full, publicly available analysis package, written in Python, as developed for the analysis of data from the 2015 flight of the Spider instrument. The package includes extensions for self-consistently estimating null spectra and estimating fits for Galactic foreground contributions. We show results from the extensive validation of XFaster using simulations and its application to the Spider data set.
  • Journal article
    Bloor S, Gonzalo TE, Scott P, Chang C, Raklev A, Camargo-Molina JE, Kvellestad A, Renk JJ, Athron P, Balazs Cet al., 2021,

    The GAMBIT Universal Model Machine: from Lagrangians to likelihoods

    , EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C, Vol: 81, ISSN: 1434-6044
  • Journal article
    Chester SM, Landry W, Liu J, Poland D, Simmons-Duffin D, Su N, Vichi Aet al., 2021,

    Bootstrapping Heisenberg magnets and their cubic instability

    , Physical Review D, Vol: 104, ISSN: 2470-0010
  • Journal article
    Cable A, Rajantie A, 2021,

    Free scalar correlators in de Sitter space via the stochastic approach beyond the slow-roll approximation

    , Physical Review D: Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol: 104, ISSN: 1550-2368

    The stochastic approach to calculating scalar correlation functions in de Sitter spacetime is extended beyond the overdamped “slow-roll” approximation. We show that with the correct noise term, it reproduces the exact asymptotic long-distance behavior of field correlators in free field theory, thereby demonstrating the viability of the technique. However, we also show that the naïve way of calculating the noise term by introducing a cutoff at the horizon does not give the correct answer unless the cutoff is chosen specifically to give the required result. We discuss the implications of this for interacting theories.
  • Journal article
    Gonzalez MC, de Rham C, Tolley AJ, 2021,

    Scattering amplitudes for binary systems beyond GR

    , The Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 87, Pages: 1-36, ISSN: 1029-8479

    Amplitude methods have proven to be a promising technique to perform Post-Minkowskian calculations used as inputs to construct gravitational waveforms. In this paper, we show how these methods can be extended beyond the standard calculations in General Relativity with a minimal coupling to matter. As proof of principle, we consider spinless particles conformally coupled to a gravitational helicity-0 mode. We clarify the subtleties in the matching procedure that lead to the potential for conformally coupled matter. We show that in the probe particle limit, we can reproduce well known results for the field profile. With the scattering amplitudes at hand, we compute the conservative potential and scattering angle for the binary system. We find that the result is a non trivial expansion that involves not only the coupling strengths, but also a non trivial dependence on the energy/momentum of the scattered particles.
  • Journal article
    Ferrero P, Gauntlett JP, Martelli D, Sparks Jet al., 2021,

    M5-branes wrapped on a spindle

    , The Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2021, Pages: 1-21, ISSN: 1029-8479

    We construct supersymmetric AdS5 × Σ solutions of D = 7 gauged supergravity, where Σ is a two-dimensional orbifold known as a spindle. These uplift on S4 to solutions of D = 11 supergravity which have orbifold singularites. We argue that the solutions are dual to d = 4, N = 1 SCFTs that arise from N M5-branes wrapped on a spindle, embedded as a holomorphic curve inside a Calabi-Yau three-fold. In contrast to the usual topological twist solutions, the superconformal R-symmetry mixes with the isometry of the spindle in the IR, and we verify this via a field theory calculation, as well as reproducing the gravity formula for the central charge.
  • Conference paper
    Jones H, Kulishov M, 2021,

    Solitons in a PT-symmetric grating-assisted co-directional coupler

    , ISSN: 1742-6588

    We explore a co-directional coupling arrangement between two waveguides mediated by a PT-symmetric sinusoidal grating characterized by an index-modulation parameter κ and a gain/loss parameter g. We show that the device supports soliton-like solutions for both the PT-conserving regime g < κ and the PT-broken regime g > κ. In the first case the coupler exhibits a gap in wave-number k, and the solitons can be regarded as an extension of a previous solution found for pure index modulation. In the second case the coupler exhibits a gap in frequency ω and the solutions are entirely new.
  • Journal article
    Camargo-Molina JE, Enberg R, Lofgren J, 2021,

    A new perspective on the electroweak phase transition in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory

    , JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479
  • Journal article
    Cassani D, Gauntlett JP, Martelli D, Sparks Jet al., 2021,

    Thermodynamics of accelerating and supersymmetric AdS(4) black holes

    , Physical Review D: Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol: 104, Pages: 1-23, ISSN: 1550-2368

    We study the thermodynamics of AdS4 black hole solutions of Einstein-Maxwell theory that are accelerating, rotating, and carry electric and magnetic charges. We focus on the class for which the black hole horizon is a spindle and can be uplifted on regular Sasaki-Einstein spaces to give solutions of D=11 supergravity that are free from conical singularities. We use holography to calculate the Euclidean on-shell action and to define a set of conserved charges which give rise to a first law. We identify a complex locus of supersymmetric and nonextremal solutions, defined through an analytic continuation of the parameters, upon which we obtain a simple expression for the on-shell action. A Legendre transform of this action combined with a reality constraint then leads to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for the class of supersymmetric and extremal black holes.
  • Journal article
    Beccaria M, Dunne G, Tseytlin AA, 2021,

    Strong coupling expansion of free energy and BPS Wilson loop in N=2 superconformal models with fundamental hypermultiplets

    , The Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2021, Pages: 1-42, ISSN: 1029-8479

    As a continuation of the study (in arXiv:2102.07696 and arXiv:2104.12625) of strong-coupling expansion of non-planar corrections in N = 2 4d superconformal models we consider two special theories with gauge groups SU(N) and Sp(2N). They contain N-independent numbers of hypermultiplets in rank 2 antisymmetric and fundamental representations and are planar-equivalent to the corresponding N = 4 SYM theories. These N = 2 theories can be realised on a system of N D3-branes with a finite number of D7-branes and O7-plane; the dual string theories should be particular orientifolds of AdS5 × S5 superstring. Starting with the localization matrix model representation for the N = 2 partition function on S4 we find exact differential relations between the 1/N terms in the corresponding free energy F and the 12-BPS Wilson loop expectation value ⟨W⟩ and also compute their large ’t Hooft coupling (λ » 1) expansions. The structure of these expansions is different from the previously studied models without fundamental hypermultiplets. In the more tractable Sp(2N) case we find an exact resummed expression for the leading strong coupling terms at each order in the 1/N expansion. We also determine the exponentially suppressed at large λ contributions to the non-planar corrections to F and ⟨W⟩ and comment on their resurgence properties. We discuss dual string theory interpretation of these strong coupling expansions.Download to read the full article text
  • Journal article
    Karnesis N, Babak S, Pieroni M, Cornish N, Littenberg Tet al., 2021,

    Characterization of the stochastic signal originating from compact binary populations as measured by LISA

    , PHYSICAL REVIEW D, Vol: 104, ISSN: 2470-0010
  • Journal article
    Momeni A, Rumbutis J, Tolley AJ, 2021,

    Kaluza-Klein from colour-kinematics duality for massive fields

    , JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479
  • Journal article
    Tennyson D, Waldram D, 2021,

    Exceptional complex structures and the hypermultiplet moduli of 5d Minkowski compactifications of M-theory

    , The Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 201, Pages: 1-64, ISSN: 1029-8479

    We present a detailed study of a new mathematical object in E6(6)ℝ+ generalised geometry called an ‘exceptional complex structure’ (ECS). It is the extension of a conventional complex structure to one that includes all the degrees of freedom of M-theory or type IIB supergravity in six or five dimensions, and as such characterises, in part, the geometry of generic supersymmetric compactifications to five-dimensional Minkowkski space. We define an ECS as an integrable U*(6) × ℝ+ structure and show it is equivalent to a particular form of involutive subbundle of the complexified generalised tangent bundle L1 ⊂ Eℂ. We also define a refinement, an SU*(6) structure, and show that its integrability requires in addition a vanishing moment map on the space of structures. We are able to classify all possible ECSs, showing that they are characterised by two numbers denoted ‘type’ and ‘class’. We then use the deformation theory of ECS to find the moduli of any SU*(6) structure. We relate these structures to the geometry of generic minimally supersymmetric flux backgrounds of M-theory of the form ℝ4,1 × M, where the SU*(6) moduli correspond to the hypermultiplet moduli in the lower-dimensional theory. Such geometries are of class zero or one. The former are equivalent to a choice of (non-metric-compatible) conventional SL(3, ℂ) structure and strikingly have the same space of hypermultiplet moduli as the fluxless Calabi-Yau case.
  • Journal article
    Gomis J, Joung E, Kleinschmidt A, Mkrtchyan Ket al., 2021,

    Colourful Poincare symmetry, gravity and particle actions

    , JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479
  • Journal article
    Ferrero P, Gauntlett JP, Ipina JMP, Martelli D, Sparks Jet al., 2021,

    Accelerating black holes and spinning spindles

    , Physical Review D: Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol: 104, Pages: 1-37, ISSN: 1550-2368

    We study solutions in the Plebański–Demiański family which describe an accelerating, rotating, and dyonically charged black hole in AdS4. These are solutions of D=4 Einstein-Maxwell theory with a negative cosmological constant and hence minimal D=4 gauged supergravity. It is well known that when the acceleration is nonvanishing the D=4 black hole metrics have conical singularities. By uplifting the solutions to D=11 supergravity using a regular Sasaki-Einstein seven-manifold, SE7, we show how the free parameters can be chosen to eliminate the conical singularities. Topologically, the D=11 solutions incorporate an SE7 fibration over a two-dimensional weighted projective space, WCP1[n−,n+], also known as a spindle, which is labeled by two integers that determine the conical singularities of the D=4 metrics. We also discuss the supersymmetric and extremal limit and show that the near horizon limit gives rise to a new family of regular supersymmetric AdS2×Y9 solutions of D=11 supergravity, which generalize a known family by the addition of a rotation parameter. We calculate the entropy of these black holes and argue that it should be possible to derive this from certain N=2, d=3 quiver gauge theories compactified on a spinning spindle with the appropriate magnetic flux.
  • Journal article
    Bourget A, Dancer A, Grimminger JF, Hanany A, Kirwan F, Zhong Zet al., 2021,

    Orthosymplectic implosions

    , JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479
  • Journal article
    de Rham C, Melville S, Noller J, 2021,

    Positivity bounds on dark energy: when matter matters

    , Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol: 2021, Pages: 1-25, ISSN: 1475-7516

    Positivity bounds — constraints on any low-energy effective field theory imposed by the fundamental axioms of unitarity, causality and locality in the UV — have recently been used to constrain scalar-tensor theories of dark energy. However, the coupling to matter fields has so far played a limited role. We show that demanding positivity when including interactions with standard matter fields leads to further constraints on the dark energy parameter space. We demonstrate how implementing these bounds as theoretical priors affects cosmological parameter constraints and explicitly illustrate the impact on a specific Effective Field Theory for dark energy. We also show in this model that the existence of a standard UV completion requires that gravitational waves must travel superluminally on cosmological backgrounds.
  • Journal article
    Page J, Magueijo J, 2021,

    Linking the Baum-Hawking-Coleman mechanism with unimodular gravity and Vilenkin's probability flux

    , Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol: 2021, Pages: 1-14, ISSN: 1475-7516

    We revisit a mechanism proposed by Hawking to resolve the cosmological constant problem (and the controversy it generated) to identify possibly more palatable alternatives and explore new connections and interpretations. In particular, through the introduction of a new action coupling the four-form field strength F = dA to the cosmological constant via a dynamical field λ(x), a novel Baum-Hawking-Coleman type mechanism is presented. This mechanism can be seen as a generalisation of Unimodular Gravity. A theory with a similar coupling to "F2" is also presented, with promising results. We show how in such theories the 3-form is closely related to the Chern-Simons density, and its associated definition of time. On the interpretational front, we propose a method avoiding the standard Euclidean action prescription, which makes use of Vilenkin's probability flux.
  • Journal article
    Allanach BC, Camargo-Molina JE, Davighi J, 2021,

    Global fits of third family hypercharge models to neutral current B-anomalies and electroweak precision observables

    , EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C, Vol: 81, ISSN: 1434-6044
  • Journal article
    Goodhew H, Jazayeri S, Lee MHG, Pajer Eet al., 2021,

    Cutting cosmological correlators

    , Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol: 2021, ISSN: 1475-7516

    The initial conditions of our universe appear to us in the form of a classical probability distribution that we probe with cosmological observations. In the current leading paradigm, this probability distribution arises from a quantum mechanical wavefunction of the universe. Here we ask what the imprint of quantum mechanics is on the late time observables. We show that the requirement of unitary time evolution, colloquially the conservation of probabilities, fixes the analytic structure of the wavefunction and of all the cosmological correlators it encodes. In particular, we derive in perturbation theory an infinite set of single-cut rules that generalize the Cosmological Optical Theorem and relate a certain discontinuity of any tree-level n-point function to that of lower-point functions. Our rules are closely related to, but distinct from the recently derived Cosmological Cutting Rules. They follow from the choice of the Bunch-Davies vacuum and a simple property of the (bulk-to-bulk) propagator and are astoundingly general: we prove that they are valid for fields with a linear dispersion relation and any mass, any integer spin and arbitrary local interactions with any number of derivatives. They also apply to general FLRW spacetimes admitting a Bunch-Davies vacuum, including de Sitter, slow-roll inflation, power-law cosmologies and even resonant oscillations in axion monodromy. We verify the single-cut rules in a number of non-trivial examples, including four massless scalars exchanging a massive scalar, as relevant for cosmological collider physics, four gravitons exchanging a graviton, and a scalar five-point function.
  • Journal article
    Alday F, Argyres P, Lemos M, Martone M, Rastelli L, Taronna M, Mukhi S, Cordova L, He Y, Kruczenski M, Vieira P, Pomoni E, Bourget A, Hanany A, Fazzi M, Giacomelli S, Yamazaki M, Kristjansen C, Closset C, Zhou X, Bissi A, Sleight Cet al., 2021,

    The Pollica perspective on the (super)-conformal world

    , JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL, Vol: 54, ISSN: 1751-8113
  • Journal article
    Yao Q, Evans T, Chen B, Christensen KIMet al., 2021,

    Higher-order temporal network effects through triplet evolution

    , Scientific Reports, Vol: 11, Pages: 1-17, ISSN: 2045-2322

    We study the evolution of networks through ‘triplets’ — three-node graphlets. We develop a method to compute a transitionmatrix to describe the evolution of triplets in temporal networks. To identify the importance of higher-order interactions inthe evolution of networks, we compare both artificial and real-world data to a model based on pairwise interactions only.The significant differences between the computed matrix and the calculated matrix from the fitted parameters demonstratethat non-pairwise interactions exist for various real-world systems in space and time, such as our data sets. Furthermore,this also reveals that different patterns of higher-order interaction are involved in different real-world situations.To test our approach, we then use these transition matrices as the basis of a link prediction algorithm. We investigate ouralgorithm’s performance on four temporal networks, comparing our approach against ten other link prediction methods.Our results show that higher-order interactions in both space and time play a crucial role in the evolution of networks as wefind our method, along with two other methods based on non-local interactions, give the best overall performance. Theresults also confirm the concept that the higher-order interaction patterns, i.e., triplet dynamics, can help us understandand predict the evolution of different real-world systems.
  • Journal article
    Gould O, Ho DL-J, Rajantie A, 2021,

    Schwinger pair production of magnetic monopoles: momentum distribution for heavy-ion collisions

    , Physical Review D: Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol: 104, ISSN: 1550-2368

    Magnetic monopoles may be produced by the dual Schwinger effect in strong magnetic fields. Today, thestrongest known magnetic fields in the Universe are produced fleetingly in heavy-ion collisions. We use thecomplex worldline instanton method to calculate the momentum distribution of magnetic monopolesproduced in heavy-ion collisions, in an approximation that includes the effect of the magnetic field to allorders but neglects monopole self-interactions. The result saturates the preparation time-energy uncertaintyprinciple, and yields a necessary ingredient for experimental monopole searches in heavy-ion collisions.
  • Journal article
    Arav I, Gauntlett JP, Roberts MM, Rosen Cet al., 2021,

    Marginal deformations and RG flows for type IIB S-folds

    , The Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2021, Pages: 1-41, ISSN: 1029-8479

    We construct a continuous one parameter family of AdS4 × S1 × S5 S-fold solutions of type IIB string theory which have nontrivial SL(2, ℤ) monodromy in the S1 direction. The solutions span a subset of a conformal manifold that contains the known N = 4 S-fold SCFT in d = 3, and generically preserve N = 2 supersymmetry. We also construct RG flows across dimensions, from AdS5 × S5, dual to N = 4, d = 4 SYM compactified with a twisted spatial circle, to various AdS4 ×S1 ×S5 S-fold solutions, dual to d = 3 SCFTs. We construct additional flows between the AdS5 dual of the Leigh-Strassler SCFT and an N = 2 S-fold as well as RG flows between various S-folds.
  • Journal article
    Karam A, Markkanen T, Marzola L, Nurmi S, Raidal M, Rajantie Aet al., 2021,

    Higgs-like spectator field as the origin of structure

    , European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields, Vol: 81, ISSN: 1124-1861

    We show that the observed primordial perturbations can be entirely sourced by a light spectator scalar field with a quartic potential, akin to the Higgs boson, provided that the field is sufficiently displaced from vacuum during inflation. The framework relies on the indirect modulation of reheating, which is implemented without any direct coupling between the spectator field and the inflaton and does not require non-renormalisable interactions. The scenario gives rise to local non-Gaussianity with fNL≃5 as the typical signal. As an example model where the indirect modulation mechanism is realised for the Higgs boson, we study the Standard Model extended with right-handed neutrinos. For the Standard Model running we find, however, that the scenario analysed does not seem to produce the observed perturbation.
  • Journal article
    Beccaria M, Dunne G, Tseytlin AA, 2021,

    BPS Wilson loop in N=2 superconformal SU(N) "orientifold" gauge theory and weak-strong coupling interpolation

    , The Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2021, Pages: 1-30, ISSN: 1029-8479

    We consider the expectation value ⟨W⟩ of the circular BPS Wilson loop in N = 2 superconformal SU(N) gauge theory containing a vector multiplet coupled to two hypermultiplets in rank-2 symmetric and antisymmetric representations. This theory admits a regular large N expansion, is planar-equivalent to N = 4 SYM theory and is expected to be dual to a certain orbifold/orientifold projection of AdS5 × S5 superstring theory. On the string theory side ⟨W⟩ is represented by the path integral expanded near the same AdS2 minimal surface as in the maximally supersymmetric case. Following the string theory argument in [5], we suggest that as in the N = 4 SYM case and in the N = 2 SU(N) × SU(N) superconformal quiver theory discussed in [19], the coefficient of the leading non-planar 1/N2 correction in ⟨W⟩ should have the universal λ3/2 scaling at large ’t Hooft coupling. We confirm this prediction by starting with the localization matrix model representation for ⟨W⟩. We complement the analytic derivation of the λ3/2 scaling by a numerical high-precision resummation and extrapolation of the weak-coupling expansion using conformal mapping improved Padé analysis.
  • Journal article
    Golat S, Contaldi CR, 2021,

    Geodesic noise and gravitational wave observations by pulsar timing arrays

    , Physics Letters B: Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics, Vol: 818, Pages: 1-4, ISSN: 0370-2693

    Signals from millisecond pulsars travel to us on geodesics along the line-of-sight that are affected by the space–time metric. The exact path-geometry and redshifting along the geodesics determine the observed Time-of-Arrival (ToA) of the pulses. The metric is determined by the distribution of dark matter, gas, and stars in the galaxy and, in the final stages of travel, by the distribution of solar system bodies. The inhomogeneous distribution of stellar masses can have a small but significant statistical effect on the ToAs through the perturbation of geodesics. This will result in additional noise in ToA observations that may affect Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) constraints on gravitational waves at very low frequencies. We employ a simple model for the stellar distribution in our galaxy to estimate the scale of both static and dynamic sources of what we term generically “geodesic noise”. We find that geodesic noise has a standard deviation of (10) ns for typical lines-of-sight. This suggests geodesic noise is relevant for estimates of PTA sensitivity and may limit future efforts for detection of gravitational waves by PTAs.
  • Journal article
    Magueijo J, 2021,

    Cosmological time and the constants of nature

    , Physics Letters B: Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics, Vol: 820, Pages: 1-4, ISSN: 0370-2693

    We propose that cosmological time is effectively the conjugate of the constants of nature. Different definitions of time arise, with the most relevant related to the constant controlling the dynamics in each epoch. The Hamiltonian constraint then becomes a Schrodinger equation. In the connection representation, it is solved by monochromatic plane waves moving in a space generalizing the Chern-Simons functional. Normalizable superpositions exist and for factorizable coherent states we recover the classical limit and a seamless handover between potentially disparate times. There is also a rich structure of alternative states, including entangled constants, opening up the doors to new phenomenology.
  • Journal article
    Magueijo J, 2021,

    Real Chern-Simons wave function

    , Physical Review D, Vol: 104, Pages: 1-10, ISSN: 2470-0010

    We examine the status of the Chern-Simons (or Kodama) state from the point of view of a formulation of gravity that uses only real connection and metric variables and a real action. We may package the real connection variables into the complex self-dual Ashtekar connection (and will do so to make contact with previous work), but that operation is essentially cosmetic and can be undone at any step or even bypassed altogether. The action will remain the (real) Einstein-Cartan action, forgoing the addition of the usual Holst (or Nieh-Yan) term with an imaginary coefficient. It is then found that the constraints are solved by a modification of the Chern-Simons state which is a pure phase (in the Lorentzian theory, we stress), the phase containing only the fully gauge-invariant imaginary part of the Chern-Simons functional. Thus, the state for the “real theory” is nonpathological with regards to the most egregious criticisms facing its “nonreal” cousin, solving the complex theory. A straightforward modification of the real Chern-Simons state is also a solution in quasitopological theories based on the Euler invariant, for which the cosmological constant, Λ, is dynamical. In that case it is enough to shift the usual factor of Λ in the wave function to the inside of the spatial Chern-Simons integral. The trick only works for the quasi-Euler theory with a critical coupling previously identified in the literature. It does not apply to the quasi-Pontryagin theory.
  • Journal article
    Chester SM, 2021,

    Anomalous dimensions of monopole operators in scalar QED3 with Chern-Simons term

    , Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2021

    <jats:title>A<jats:sc>bstract</jats:sc> </jats:title><jats:p>We study monopole operators with the lowest possible topological charge <jats:italic>q</jats:italic> = 1/2 at the infrared fixed point of scalar electrodynamics in 2 + 1 dimension (scalar QED<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) with <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> complex scalars and Chern-Simons coupling <jats:italic>|k|</jats:italic> = <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>. In the large <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> expansion, monopole operators in this theory with spins <jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$ \mathrm{\ell}&lt;O\left(\sqrt{N}\right) $$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:mfenced> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> and associated flavor representations are expected to have the same scaling dimension to sub-leading order in 1/<jats:italic>N</jats:italic>. We use the state-operator correspondence to calculate the scaling dimension to sub-leading order with the result <jats:italic>N −</jats:italic> 0<jats:italic>.</jats:italic>2743 + <jats:italic>O</jats:italic>(1/<jats:italic>N</jats:italic>), which improves on existing leading order results. We also compute the <jats:italic>ℓ</jats:italic><jats:sup>2</jats:sup>/<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> term that breaks the degeneracy to sub-leading order for monopoles with

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