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@article{Williams:2023:10.1098/rsta.2022.0062,
author = {Williams, RG and Ceppi, P and Roussenov, V and Katavouta, A and Meijers, AJS},
doi = {10.1098/rsta.2022.0062},
journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences},
title = {The role of the Southern Ocean in the global climate response to carbon emissions},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0062},
volume = {381},
year = {2023}
}
TY - JOUR
AB - <jats:p>The effect of the Southern Ocean on global climate change is assessed using Earth system model projections following an idealized 1% annual rise in atmospheric CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. For this scenario, the Southern Ocean plays a significant role in sequestering heat and anthropogenic carbon, accounting for 40% ± 5% of heat uptake and 44% ± 2% of anthropogenic carbon uptake over the global ocean (with the Southern Ocean defined as south of 36°S). This Southern Ocean fraction of global heat uptake is however less than in historical scenarios with marked hemispheric contrasts in radiative forcing. For this idealized scenario, inter-model differences in global and Southern Ocean heat uptake are strongly affected by physical feedbacks, especially cloud feedbacks over the globe and surface albedo feedbacks from sea-ice loss in high latitudes, through the top-of-the-atmosphere energy balance. The ocean carbon response is similar in most models with carbon storage increasing from rising atmospheric CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, but weakly decreasing from climate change with competing ventilation and biological contributions over the Southern Ocean. The Southern Ocean affects a global climate metric, the transient climate response to emissions, accounting for 28% of its thermal contribution through its physical climate feedbacks and heat uptake, and so affects inter-model differences in meeting warming targets.</jats:p><jats:p>This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities'.</jats:p>
AU - Williams,RG
AU - Ceppi,P
AU - Roussenov,V
AU - Katavouta,A
AU - Meijers,AJS
DO - 10.1098/rsta.2022.0062
PY - 2023///
SN - 1364-503X
TI - The role of the Southern Ocean in the global climate response to carbon emissions
T2 - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0062
UR - https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0062
VL - 381
ER -
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