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@article{Lai:2025:10.1002/qj.4895,
author = {Lai, T and Toumi, R},
doi = {10.1002/qj.4895},
journal = {Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society},
title = {Sensitivity of the energy conversion efficiency of tropical cyclones during intensification to sea surface temperature and static stability},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.4895},
volume = {151},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR
AB - It is projected that the sea surface temperature (SST) increases under climate change and enhances tropical cyclone (TC) intensification directly. An opposing expected feature of climate change is the strengthening atmospheric static stability, which may suppress intensification. The intensity and diabatic heating are closely related through the secondary circulation, but it has been unclear whether both will change at the same rate. Here we show that they respond differently to stability changes. The efficiency of converting diabatic heating to kinetic energy (KE) of TCs to SST and static stability during the intensification stage is examined. In a set of idealised simulations, the efficiency does not have a significant relation with the SST. However the efficiency is found to decrease with increasing static stability at a rate of about -5 % ⋅K‾¹. It is shown that the KE increment declines, while the diabatic heating in the eyewall remains unchanged with larger static stability. The decrease in KE gain at the eyewall is associated with an enhanced outward advection of absolute angular momentum. The combined effect of enhanced watervapour supply and the slightly reduced updraft at the eyewall keeps the diabatic heating steady with varying static stability. This study demonstrates the complex effects of enhanced static stability, which is expected to accompany surface warming, on tropical cyclones.
AU - Lai,T
AU - Toumi,R
DO - 10.1002/qj.4895
PY - 2025///
SN - 0035-9009
TI - Sensitivity of the energy conversion efficiency of tropical cyclones during intensification to sea surface temperature and static stability
T2 - Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.4895
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4895
VL - 151
ER -
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