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Journal articleLemke AM, Mitridate A, Gersbach KA, 2025,
Detecting gravitational wave anisotropies from supermassive black hole binaries
, Physical Review D, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2470-0010Several pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations have recently found evidence for a gravitational wave background (GWB) permeating our Galaxy. The origin of this background is still unknown. Indeed, while the gravitational wave emission from inspiraling supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHB) is the primary candidate for its origin, several cosmological sources have also been proposed. One distinctive feature of SMBHB-generated backgrounds is the presence of GWB anisotropies stemming from the binaries distribution in the local Universe. However, none of the anisotropy searches performed to date reported a detection. In this work, we show that the lack of anisotropy detection is not currently in tension with a SMBHB origin of the background. We accomplish this by calculating the probability for present and future PTAs to observe deviations from an isotropic GWB. We find that a PTA with the noise characteristics of the NANOGrav 15-year data set had only a 2%-11% probability of detecting deviations from isotropy in an SMBHB-generated GWB, depending on the properties of the SMBHB population. However, we estimate that for the IPTA DR3 data set these probabilities will increase to 4%-28%, putting more pressure on the SMBHB interpretation in case of a null detection. We also identify SMBHB populations that are more likely to produce significant deviations from isotropy. This information could be used together with the spectral properties of the GWB to characterize the SMBHB population.
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Journal articleHull C, Lindstrom U, Hutt MLVC, 2025,
Gauge-invariant charges of the dual graviton
, JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479 -
Journal articleGenolini PB, Gauntlett JP, Jiao Y, et al., 2025,
Toric gravitational instantons in gauged supergravity
, PHYSICAL REVIEW D, Vol: 111, ISSN: 2470-0010- Cite
- Citations: 4
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Journal articleAcharya B, Alexandre J, Benes P, et al., 2025,
Search for highly ionizing particles in pp collisions during LHC Run 2 using the full MoWSl detector
, Physical Review Letters, Vol: 134, ISSN: 0031-9007This search for magnetic monopoles (MMs) and high electric charge objects (HECOs) with spins 0, 1=2,and 1, uses for the first time the full MoEDAL detector, exposed to 6.46 fb−1 proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV. The results are interpreted in terms of Drell-Yan and photon-fusion pair production. Mass limits on direct production of MMs of up to 10 Dirac magnetic charges and HECOs with electric charge in the range 10e to 400e, were achieved. The charge limits placed on MM and HECO production are currently the strongest in the world. MoEDAL is the only LHC experiment capable of being directly calibrated for highly ionizing particles using heavy ions and with a detector system dedicated to definitively measuring magnetic charge.
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Journal articleFranco S, Hanany A, He Y-H, et al., 2025,
Duality walls, duality trees and fractional branes
, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A, Vol: 40, ISSN: 0217-751X -
Journal articleDuff MJ, 2025,
Montonen-Olive duality of gauged supergravity?
, JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL, Vol: 58, ISSN: 1751-8113 -
Journal articleChan AHH, Dunning J, Beck KB, et al., 2025,
Animal social networks are robust to changing association definitions
, BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY, Vol: 79, ISSN: 0340-5443 -
Journal articleGiardino S, Giusti A, 2025,
First-order thermodynamics of scalar-tensor gravity
, Ricerche di Matematica, Vol: 74, Pages: 43-59, ISSN: 0035-5038<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The first-order thermodynamics of scalar-tensor theory is a novel approach that exploits the intriguing relationship between gravity and thermodynamics to better understand the space of gravity theories. It is based on using Eckart’s first-order irreversible thermodynamics on the effective imperfect fluid describing scalar-tensor gravity and characterises General Relativity as an equilibrium state, and scalar-tensor theories as non-equilibrium states, naturally describing the approach to equilibrium. Applications of this framework to cosmology, extensions to different classes of modified theories, and the formulation of two complementary descriptions based on the notions of temperature and chemical potential all contribute to a new and unifying picture of the landscape of gravity theories.</jats:p>
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Journal articleHull C, Hutt ML, Lindstroem U, 2025,
Gauging generalised symmetries in linear gravity
, JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479- Cite
- Citations: 1
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Journal articleBeccaria M, Casarin L, Tseytlin AA, 2025,
Semiclassical quantization of M5 brane probes wrapped on AdS<sub>3</sub><i>x S</i><SUP>3</SUP> and defect anomalies
, JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479- Cite
- Citations: 1
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Journal articleChen CY-R, de Rham C, Tolley AJ, 2025,
Deformations of extremal black holes and the UV
, Physical Review D: Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol: 111, ISSN: 1550-7998It has recently been noted that deformations of extremal anti–de Sitter (AdS) black holes in four and higher dimensions are generically nonsmooth or singular on the horizon. Further, it was found that certain deformations of asymptotically flat extremal black holes are marginal, causing the nature of the horizon to be strongly sensitive to UV corrections—in particular, Wilson coefficients associated with consistent UV completions generically lead to worse behavior on the horizon. In this work, we extend the discussion of deformed horizons in the presence of UV corrections to extremal charged black holes in AdS, where we find a tower of marginal perturbations for different black hole masses. We argue that the apparent UV sensitivity of marginal modes is, in fact, a feature of the UV theory, which is correctly reproduced by the effective field theory (EFT), and illustrate this with explicit UV completions confirming the validity of the EFT. We demonstrate that the same holds for a scalar-Maxwell EFT with known UV completion. In the gravitational case, the sign of EFT corrections to marginal perturbations is generally connected with the signs implied by positivity bounds, with UV completions generically leading to worse behavior on the horizon. We conjecture that this result is more generic and use this to derive more general positivity bounds motivated by the weak gravity conjecture, which we illustrate with further evidence.
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Journal articleChen CY-R, Margalit A, de Rham C, et al., 2025,
Causality in the presence of stacked shockwaves
, Physical Review D: Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol: 111, ISSN: 1550-7998Relativistic causality constrains the 𝑆-matrix both through its analyticity, and by imposing lower bounds on the scattering time delay. These bounds are easiest to determine for spacetimes which admit either a timelike or null Killing vector. We revisit a class of pp-wave spacetimes and carefully determine the scattering time delay for arbitrary incoming states in the eikonal, semiclassical, and Born approximations. We apply this to the effective field theory of gravity in arbitrary dimensions. It is well-known that higher-dimension operators such as the Gauss-Bonnet term, when treated perturbatively at low energies, can appear to make both positive and negative contributions to the time delays of the background geometry. We show that even when multiple shockwaves are stacked, the corrections to the scattering time delay relative to the background are generically unresolvable within the regime of validity of the effective field theory so long as the Wilson coefficients are of order unity. Phrased the other way, this can be read as a bound on the Wilson coefficient from infrared causality which are consistent with positivity/bootstrap bounds.
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Journal articleAde PAR, Amiri M, Benton SJ, et al., 2025,
Analysis of polarized dust emission using data from the first flight of SPIDER
, The Astrophysical Journal: an international review of astronomy and astronomical physics, Vol: 978, ISSN: 0004-637XUsing data from the first flight of Spider and from the Planck High Frequency Instrument, we probe the properties of polarized emission from interstellar dust in the Spider observing region. Component-separation algorithms operating in both the spatial and harmonic domains are applied to probe their consistency and to quantify modeling errors associated with their assumptions. Analyses of diffuse Galactic dust emission spanning the full Spider region demonstrate (i) a spectral energy distribution that is broadly consistent with a modified-blackbody (MBB) model with a spectral index of βd = 1.45 ± 0.05 (1.47 ± 0.06) for E (B)-mode polarization, slightly lower than that reported by Planck for the full sky; (ii) an angular power spectrum broadly consistent with a power law; and (iii) no significant detection of line-of-sight polarization decorrelation. Tests of several modeling uncertainties find only a modest impact (∼10% in σr) on Spider’s sensitivity to the cosmological tensor-to-scalar ratio. The size of the Spider region further allows for a statistically meaningful analysis of the variation in foreground properties within it. Assuming a fixed dust temperature Td = 19.6 K, an analysis of two independent subregions of that field results in inferred values of βd = 1.52 ± 0.06 and βd = 1.09 ± 0.09, which are inconsistent at the 3.9σ level. Furthermore, a joint analysis of Spider and Planck 217 and 353 GHz data within one subregion is inconsistent with a simple MBB at more than 3σ, assuming a common morphology of polarized dust emission over the full range of frequencies. This evidence of variation may inform the component-separation approaches of future cosmic microwave background polarization experiments.
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Journal articleAgazie G, Anumarlapudi A, Archibald AM, et al., 2025,
The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Running of the Spectral Index
, Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol: 978, ISSN: 2041-8205The NANOGrav 15 yr data provide compelling evidence for a stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background at nanohertz frequencies. The simplest model-independent approach to characterizing the frequency spectrum of this signal consists of a simple power-law fit involving two parameters: an amplitude A and a spectral index γ. In this Letter, we consider the next logical step beyond this minimal spectral model, allowing for a running (i.e., logarithmic frequency dependence) of the spectral index, g<inf>run</inf> (f ) = g + b ln (f /f<inf>ref</inf> ). We fit this running-power-law (RPL) model to the NANOGrav 15 yr data and perform a Bayesian model comparison with the minimal constant-power-law (CPL) model, which results in a 95% credible interval for the parameter β consistent with no running, b Î [-0.80, 2.96], and an inconclusive Bayes factor, B(RPL versus CPL) = 0.69 ± 0.01. We thus conclude that, at present, the minimal CPL model still suffices to adequately describe the NANOGrav signal; however, future data sets may well lead to a measurement of nonzero β. Finally, we interpret the RPL model as a description of primordial GWs generated during cosmic inflation, which allows us to combine our results with upper limits from Big Bang nucleosynthesis, the cosmic microwave background, and LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA.
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Journal articleAgazie G, Anumarlapudi A, Archibald AM, et al., 2025,
The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Looking for Signs of Discreteness in the Gravitational-wave Background
, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol: 978, Pages: 31-31, ISSN: 0004-637X<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p> The cosmic merger history of supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) is expected to produce a low-frequency gravitational wave background (GWB). Here we investigate how signs of the discrete nature of this GWB can manifest in pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) through excursions from, and breaks in, the expected <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math> </jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>GW</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> </jats:inline-formula> power law of the GWB strain spectrum. To do this, we create a semianalytic SMBHB population model, fit to North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav’s) 15 yr GWB amplitude, and with 1000 realizations, we study the populations’ characteristic strain and residual spectra. Comparing our models to the NANOGrav 15 yr spectrum, we find two interesting excur
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Journal articleAgazie G, Anumarlapudi A, Archibald AM, et al., 2025,
The NANOGrav 15 Yr Data Set: Removing Pulsars One by One from the Pulsar Timing Array
, Astrophysical Journal, Vol: 978, ISSN: 0004-637XEvidence has emerged for a stochastic signal correlated among 67 pulsars within the 15 yr pulsar-timing data set compiled by the NANOGrav collaboration. Similar signals have been found in data from the European, Indian, Parkes, and Chinese pulsar timing arrays. This signal has been interpreted as indicative of the presence of a nanohertz stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB). To explore the internal consistency of this result, we investigate how the recovered signal strength changes as we remove the pulsars one by one from the data set. We calculate the signal strength using the (noise-marginalized) optimal statistic, a frequentist metric designed to measure the correlated excess power in the residuals of the arrival times of the radio pulses. We identify several features emerging from this analysis that were initially unexpected. The significance of these features, however, can only be assessed by comparing the real data to synthetic data sets. After conducting identical analyses on simulated data sets, we do not find anything inconsistent with the presence of a stochastic GWB in the NANOGrav 15 yr data. The methodologies developed here can offer additional tools for application to future, more sensitive data sets. While this analysis provides an internal consistency check of the NANOGrav results, it does not eliminate the necessity for additional investigations that could identify potential systematics or uncover unmodeled physical phenomena in the data.
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Journal articleAlbertini E, Kozuszek J, Wiseman T, 2024,
Dynamics of dRGT ghost-free massive gravity in spherical symmetry
, JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479- Cite
- Citations: 2
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Journal articleBennett S, Hanany A, Kumaran G, 2024,
Orthosymplectic quotient quiver subtraction
, JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479- Cite
- Citations: 3
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Journal articleAcharya B, Alexandre J, Benes P, et al., 2024,
Erratum: First search for dyons with the full MoEDAL trapping detector in 13 TeV 𝑝𝑝 collisions [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 071801 (2021)]
, Physical Review Letters, Vol: 133, ISSN: 0031-9007The numerical calculation of the theoretically predicted cross sections in Fig. 2 in the Letter were incorrect due to a coding error. As a result, the lower limits on the dyon mass, reported in Table I in the Letter, were overestimated by ∼10–1400 GeV. This error has been corrected now, and the amended cross-section curves and mass bounds are given in Fig. 1 and Table I, respectively. The theoretical cross sections presented in Supplemental Material [1] have been corrected, too.The upper limits on the dyon production cross sections are not affected by this programming lapse. The magnetic-monopole ones have also been amended and match the originally calculated mass limits. The monopole cross-section limits are considerably stronger than their dyon counterparts, even for low electric charges. The reason is that for dyons only the negative charges are (conservatively) considered in the detection efficiency, unlike monopoles where both pair-produced particles are taken into account in the MMT acceptance calculation. The conclusions are modified quantitatively, yet the spirit remains the same, with the dyon mass bounds now ranging from 750 to 1910 GeV, continuing to be the strongest attained in collider experiments.
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Book chapterDowker F, Surya S, 2024,
The causal set approach to the problem of quantum gravity
, Handbook of Quantum Gravity, Pages: 2989-3002Causal set theory (CST) is an approach to the problem of quantum gravity based on the twin hypotheses of fundamental spacetime discreteness and primitivity of the spacetime causal relation. We situate the chapters in the CST section of the Handbook of Quantum Gravity within the landscape of research in CST.
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Journal articleHanany A, Kalveks R, Kumaran G, 2024,
Quotient quiver subtraction
, NUCLEAR PHYSICS B, Vol: 1009, ISSN: 0550-3213 -
Journal articleHanany A, Kalveks R, Kumaran G, 2024,
Quiver polymerisation
, JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS -
Journal articleHull C, Zabzine M, 2024,
N=(2,2) superfields and geometry revisited
, JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL, Vol: 57, ISSN: 1751-8113 -
Journal articleGiombi S, Kurlyand SA, Tseytlin AA, 2024,
Non-planar corrections in ABJM theory from quantum M2 branes
, JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479 -
Journal articleMagueijo J, 2024,
Mach's principle and dark matter
, PHYSICS LETTERS B, Vol: 858, ISSN: 0370-2693 -
Journal articleArav I, Gauntlett JP, Jiao Y, et al., 2024,
Superconformal monodromy defects in ABJM and mABJM theory
, The Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol: 2024, ISSN: 1029-8479We study D = 11 supergravity solutions which are dual to one-dimensional superconformal defects in d = 3 SCFTs. We consider defects in ABJM theory with monodromy for U(1)4 ⊂ SO(8) global symmetry, as well as in 𝒩 = 2 mABJM SCFT, which arises from the RG flow of a mass deformation of ABJM theory, with monodromy for U(1)3 ⊂ SU(3) × U(1) global symmetry. We show that the defects of the two SCFTs are connected by a line of bulk marginal mass deformations and argue that they are also related by bulk RG flow. In all cases we allow for the possibility of conical singularities at the location of the defect. Various physical observables of the defects are computed including the defects conformal weight and the partition function, as well as associated supersymmetric Renyi entropies.
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Journal articleHo M, Price HCW, Evans TS, et al., 2024,
Who made the mRNA vaccine? Measuring division of labor in therapeutic innovation
, NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY, Vol: 42, Pages: 1643-1648, ISSN: 1087-0156 -
Journal articleHanif F, Das D, Halliwell J, et al., 2024,
Testing Whether Gravity Acts as a Quantum Entity When Measured
, PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, Vol: 133, ISSN: 0031-9007 -
Journal articleBehan C, Chester SM, Ferrero P, 2024,
Towards bootstrapping F-theory
, JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, ISSN: 1029-8479 -
Journal articleMagueijo J, 2024,
Spacetime symmetry breaking on nongeodesic leaves and a new form of matter
, PHYSICAL REVIEW D, Vol: 110, ISSN: 2470-0010
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