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• Journal article
  Ferguson NM, Ghani AC, Donnelly CA, Denny GO, Anderson RMet al., 1998,

  BSE in Northern Ireland: epidemiological patterns past, present and future

  , Proc Biol Sci, Vol: 265, Pages: 545-554, ISSN: 0962-8452

  By 30 January 1998, there had been 170,259 confirmed cases of BSE in Great Britain (GB), 1766 confirmed cases in Northern Ireland (NI) (2 January 1998), and 276 confirmed cases in the Republic of Ireland (31 January 1998). Analysis of the epidemiological patterns in the NI epidemic reveals significant clustering of cases in herds and counties. The observed clustering of cases within herds results in lower per capita incidence of BSE in previously unaffected herds, providing support for the introduction of a certified herd scheme in NI. By fitting a backcalculation model to the case data, we can estimate the number of animals infected with the aetiological agent of BSE and project the number of future cases. We predict that the epidemic will decline rapidly, with approximately 99 cases (95% confidence interval 30,504) occurring in the five year period 1997-2001.

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• Journal article
  Gupta S, Ferguson N, Anderson R, 1998,

  Chaos, persistence, and evolution of strain structure in antigenically diverse infectious agents

  , Science, Vol: 280, Pages: 912-915, ISSN: 0036-8075

  The effects of selection by host immune responses on transmission dynamics was analyzed in a broad class of antigenically diverse pathogens. Strong selection can cause pathogen populations to stably segregate into discrete strains with nonoverlapping antigenic repertoires. However, over a wide range of intermediate levels of selection, strain structure is unstable, varying in a manner that is either cyclical or chaotic. These results have implications for the interpretation of longitudinal epidemiological data on strain or serotype abundance, design of surveillance strategies, and the assessment of multivalent vaccine trials.

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• Journal article
  Ghani AC, Ferguson NM, Donnelly CA, Hagenaars TJ, Anderson RMet al., 1998,

  Estimation of the number of people incubating variant CJD

  , Lancet, Vol: 352, Pages: 1353-1354, ISSN: 0140-6736
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• Journal article
  Zaba B, Gregson S, 1998,

  Measuring the impact of HIV on fertility in Africa

  , AIDS, Vol: 12, Pages: S41-S50, ISSN: 0269-9370
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  • Citations: 167
• Journal article
  Hauck K, Helberger C, 1998,

  Erprobungsmodelle zur Effizienzsteigerung im deutschen Gesundheitswesen - Das BKK Praxisnetz in Berlin [Do Integrated Practice Networks increase efficiency of the German health system? A casestudy of the BKK Praxisnetz in Berlin]

  , Sozialer Fortschritt, Vol: 6, Pages: 139-143
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• Journal article
  Austin DJ, Kakehashi M, Anderson RM, 1997,

  The transmission dynamics of antibiotic-resistant bacteria: the relationship between resistance in commensal organisms and antibiotic consumption

  , PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, Vol: 264, Pages: 1629-1638, ISSN: 0962-8452
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  • Citations: 98
• Journal article
  Rhodes CJ, Jensen HJ, Anderson RM, 1997,

  On the critical behaviour of simple epidemics

  , PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, Vol: 264, Pages: 1639-1646, ISSN: 0962-8452
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  • Citations: 61
• Journal article
  Anderson RM, Donnelly CA, Gupta S, 1997,

  Vaccine design, evaluation, and community-based use for antigenically variable infectious agents

  , LANCET, Vol: 350, Pages: 1466-1470, ISSN: 0140-6736
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  • Citations: 26
• Journal article
  Woolhouse MEJ, Anderson RM, 1997,

  Understanding the epidemiology of BSE

  , TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY, Vol: 5, Pages: 421-424, ISSN: 0966-842X
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  • Citations: 16
• Journal article
  Meng F, Whittaker CA, Ransom DG, DeSimone DWet al., 1997,

  Cloning and characterization of cDNAs encoding the integrin alpha2 and alpha3 subunits from Xenopus laevis.

  , Mech Dev, Vol: 67, Pages: 141-155, ISSN: 0925-4773

  Integrins containing the alpha2 and alpha3 subunits associate with the beta1 subunit to form distinct receptors with partially overlapping adhesive specificities. We report the cloning and sequence of cDNAs that encode the Xenopus orthologues of integrins alpha2 and alpha3 and the expression of these subunits during embryogenesis. Integrin alpha2 and alpha3 mRNAs are first expressed in the dorsal mesoderm and developing notochord at gastrulation. We also show that alpha3 mRNAs are expressed in the entire marginal zone of gastrulae dorsalized with LiCl but that this localization is lost in embryos ventralized by ultraviolet light. Immunoblots reveal that the alpha3 protein is expressed throughout early development, however, the alpha2 protein is not detected until late tailbud stages. Injection of full-length alpha3 transcripts into the animal poles of fertilized eggs results in embryonic defects in paraxial mesoderm attributed to the failure of somites to form segments. Injection of the alpha3 transcripts into the vegetal pole and overexpression of a 5'-truncated alpha3 control construct have no apparent affect on development or somite formation. These data suggest that normal position-specific expression of integrins is important in maintaining the proper organization of tissues during early amphibian morphogenesis.

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