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Book chapterBowes A, Copland F, Davison L, et al., 2026,
Sustainability in cognitively supportive home design: insights from research on designing homes for healthy cognitive ageing (DesHCA)
, Healthy Ageing, Editors: Phillips, Douglas, Publisher: Bristol University Press, Pages: 121-135Existing research on designing homes for healthy cognitive ageing has not systematically addressed older people’s own preferences, nor the constraints and facilitators for the housing sector, and the many earlier proposals for addressing older people’s housing needs have not proven scalable (Bowes et al, 2023). DesHCA’s research on designing homes for healthy cognitive ageing aimed to produce scalable, research-informed designs for both new-build and retrofitted homes that can support cognitive ageing in place. It foregrounded the perspectives of older people, examining their own views about the housing they have and the housing they want, and worked with partners including older
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Journal articleBaumgartner R, Barumerli R, Brands B, et al., 2026,
Short-Term Statistical Learning Mitigates the Ill-Posed Problem of Sound Localization.
, Trends Hear, Vol: 30The dynamic interplay between source-specific spectral features and spatial cues is central to auditory inference. While sagittal-plane localization relies on direction-dependent spectral cues shaped by the listener's anatomy, sound sources themselves introduce spectral patterns that can obscure these cues, creating an ill-posed inference problem. We tested whether listeners can mitigate that problem by statistically learning a source's spectral shape over the short term. In a free-field localization task, participants localized ripple-spectrum sounds under two conditions: within a block, source spectra were either fixed (predictable) or randomized (unpredictable). Predictability reduced large-scale localization errors - such as front-back reversals and quadrant confusions - by up to 5% within minutes. These findings demonstrate that listeners exploit spectral consistency across stimulus history to adapt spatial decoding, providing empirical evidence for short-term updating of spectral priors and underscoring the adaptive nature of auditory inference.
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Journal articleBaxter W, Echavarri IV, Porat T, 2025,
Exploring the impact of changing government policy on vaccination eligibility for 50-64 year olds: A qualitative thematic analysis in England and Scotland
, HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS, Vol: 21, ISSN: 2164-5515 -
Journal articleNutbeam T, Leech C, E Baker C, et al., 2025,
Identifying research priorities for post-collision care in the United Kingdom: protocol for a road injury priority setting partnership
, Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, Vol: 33Background Road traffic injury remains a significant global health challenge, causing over 1.2 million deaths and tens of millions of non-fatal injuries each year. In the United Kingdom (UK), more than 1,600 people died and nearly 30,000 sustained serious injuries on the roads in 2024. While improvements in vehicle design, road infrastructure, emergency response, and road user behaviour have contributed to a sustained reduction in road deaths over recent decades, outcomes for those injured remain variable, and post-collision care has received comparatively less research attention. The Road Injury Chain of Survival framework identifies five interdependent stages where timely, coordinated interventions can improve survival and recovery, however, there has been no systematic effort to define the most important research questions in this area.Methods This protocol describes a UK-wide Road Injury Priority Setting Partnership (PSP) conducted using the established methodology of the James Lind Alliance. Research uncertainties will be gathered via a national open access survey and supplemented by a targeted evidence scan of published research recommendations and clinical guidelines. Submissions will be collated, categorised, and checked against the current evidence base to ensure that only true uncertainties progress. A multi-stakeholder consensus workshop, using the Nominal Group Technique, will identify a ‘Top 10’ list of research priorities. A secondary output will map priorities to each stage of the Road Injury Chain of Survival to guide targeted research and innovation.Discussion This is the first PSP focused specifically on post-collision care in the UK. By integrating the perspectives of patients, carers, bystanders, clinicians, policymakers, and researchers, the PSP aims to produce priorities that are directly actionable and relevant to national needs. The findings will inform funders, guideline developers, and service providers, supporting more effectiv
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Journal articleChan EYK, Yu X, Qin C, et al., 2025,
Balancing efficiency and accuracy: extreme gradient boosting and neural networks for near real-time brain deformation prediction in sports collisions
, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, Vol: 162, ISSN: 0952-1976Rapid head motion during sports collisions can cause traumatic brain injury. Head motion can be measured with instrumented mouthguards and fed into finite element (FE) models to predict brain strain, a measure of brain deformation and injury. Due to the computational cost of FE models, deep neural networks have been developed for near real-time prediction. However, they are not used in pitch-side assessments due to their complexity and reliance on full kinematic data, which cannot be reliably transmitted in real-time.We propose an extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model with simple input of two kinematic features. Its accuracy and efficiency were compared with two deep learning models: a multilayer perceptron (MLP) using 20 features, and a convolutional neural network (CNN) using entire kinematics. All models were trained on 1701 rugby impacts collected with mouthguards and simulated using the Imperial brain FE model. The XGBoost model predicted strain in key brain regions, while the deep learning models predicted whole-brain strain distributions.All models showed reasonable accuracy in predicting regional strain, with R2 values 0.764–0.851 for XGBoost, 0.721–0.876 for MLP, and 0.744–0.887 for CNN. XGBoost required orders of magnitude fewer floating-point operations, and it used simple input that can be calculated on mouthguards and reliably transmitted in real-time.This study suggests that different models can be used at different stages of brain injury assessment. We hope that the XGBoost model proposed here will lower the barriers for adopting brain strain combined with instrumented mouthguards for pitch-side assessments from elite to grassroot collision sports.
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Journal articleVohra S, Childs P, 2025,
Making creative thinking visible: learner and teacher experiences of boundary objects as epistemic tools in adolescent classrooms
, Education Sciences, Vol: 16, ISSN: 2227-7102Creative thinking has become more important in education globally due to industry demand and a fast-paced world. In this study, boundary objects that can be tangible and digital objects are investigated to understand their role in facilitating creative thinking across five subject areas for teenagers aged 13–18 and their teachers, in their natural learning environment. A multiple case study method is used to investigate learners’ and their teachers’ experience in using boundary objects, to enable communication and understanding between individuals or groups in learning. Participants from an inner London secondary school comprised case groups: 8 Teachers and 16 Learners (8 from the lower school, aged 13–15 years, and 8 from the upper school, aged 16–18 years). Participants were invited through email and a short presentation. Consented participants were organised into male and female across teachers and students and were approached in lessons where boundary objects were being used. Data was collected through interviews and comprised photos of tool use, analysed through Reflexive Thematic Analysis for data analysis. The resulting five themes for teacher and student themes showed that boundary objects were perceived to facilitate creative thinking across all case groups within the studied context, with important insights such as iterative design, which develops real-world skills; metacognition, which is critical in learning and enables students to actively question their own thinking; memory, which is very important in enabling students to remember what they learned and how; and individual liberty, suggesting that learning need not be linear nor prescribed but that there must be freedom to learn in ways that are enjoyable and challenging too, amongst others. This study’s interpretive results indicate that when participants experience the use of boundary objects in a natural classroom or learning setting, the learning process is percei
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Journal articleSaputra RP, Alattar A, Rijanto E, et al., 2025,
Rescue robots for casualty extraction: a comprehensive review
, IEEE Access, Vol: 13, ISSN: 2169-3536The development of robotic systems for search and rescue (SAR) operations holds great potential in reducing risks to rescue workers and enhancing the likelihood of successful rescue operations. Although many studies have been conducted on search and rescue robotics, more emphasis should be placed on developing rescue robots, especially those intended for physical rescue interventions, such as loading and transporting injured individuals (i.e., casualties) to a secure area—the process known as casualty extraction. The enabling technologies for such robots remain challenging due to the complexity of the tasks, significantly high safety considerations, and strict standards—since the robots are designed to interact with casualties physically. In addition to academic institutions, most research and technical implementations of state-of-the-art casualty extraction robots are carried out by military organisations. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current state of the art in developing mobile rescue robots for casualty extraction. The existing casualty extraction robot proposals publicly available in the literature are discussed and evaluated in terms of their design and morphology. Moreover, this review details the proposed casualty extraction procedure that corresponds to the robot designs, the operation method, and the levels of autonomy of these robots. The existing state-of-the-art technologies are discussed and compared to evaluate the pros and cons of each system, providing a guideline for further research into areas where more effort could be applied. Based on the review and evaluation of the existing state-of-the-art, we identify critical research gaps that require further investigation to enhance the current state of the art and facilitate long-term development in rescue robotics research.
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Conference paperRobson N, McPherson A, Bryan-Kinns N, 2025,
Listening Together-Apart: On the Social Mediation of Sound Installation Listening
, Pages: 164-177Enacted across the disciplines of sound art and HCI, this paper explores physical behaviours associated with sound installation listening and their mediation by social factors. It presents an ethnomethodological study conducted during the public exhibition of an ultrasonic installation, Being With The Waves. Inaudible to the naked ear, the artwork is heard via custom headphones and, as an experience, manifests differently for individual listeners according to their spatial orientation to speakers, body position, movement, and perceptual behaviour. Arguably, the installation is antisocial by design, foregrounding private rather than collective experience. However, up to six listeners may experience it together, creating a social dimension that inevitably mediates behaviour. An interaction analysis of video observations identifies important ways in which the physical behaviour of listeners appears to be mediated by the presence (or absence) of other people in the exhibition space. The study's findings indicate that the local social dynamic strongly impacts how listeners move and use their bodies, which affects the discovery and exploration of spatial and interactive effects. Critiquing the study from a feminist new materialist perspective, methodological changes are considered that might connect social behaviours with the material design of the installation and foreground situated knowledge.
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Journal articleIgnatiadis K, Barumerli R, Deco G, et al., 2025,
Threat-related corticocortical connectivity elicited by rapid auditory looms.
, Sci Rep, Vol: 16While sounds of approaching objects are generally more salient than those of receding ones, the traditional association of this auditory looming bias with threat perception is subject to debate. Differences between looming and receding sounds may also be learned through non-threatening multisensory information or influenced by confounding stimulus characteristics. To investigate, we analyzed corticocortical connectivity patterns from electroencephalography, examining the preferential processing of looming sounds under different attentional states. To simulate rapid distance changes, we used complementary distance cues, previously studied in the looming bias literature. We observed crucial involvement of frontal cortical regions typically associated with threat and fear responses. Our findings suggest an underlying bias within the ventral 'what' stream rather than within the dorsal 'where' stream in auditory information processing, even when the participants' task was solely focused on the discrimination of movement direction. These results support the idea, that the perceptual bias towards looming sounds reflects an auditory threat detection mechanism, while offering insights into the neural function involved in processing ecologically relevant environmental cues.
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Journal articleLai H, Soreq E, Bourke N, et al., 2025,
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and mortality in older adults with and without pre-injury dementia
, Age and Ageing, Vol: 54, ISSN: 0002-0729Background: Incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is rising in older adults. Dementia is a common comorbidity and may worsen post-TBI outcomes, but its effects have not been studied. Objective: To compare all-cause mortality following TBI or non-TBI trauma (NTT) and quantify the impacts of age, deprivation, and dementia.Design: Population-based retrospective cohort studySetting: Linked primary and secondary care electronic health records (EHRs) from the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) DatabankSubjects: Adult residents in Wales aged 18-100 with hospitalised TBI or NTT recorded between January 2000-December 2022. Methods: Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate survival within 1, 6, and 12 months of hospitalised TBI/NTT in those with and without pre-injury dementia diagnosis. Groups were propensity-matched by age, sex, and morbidities. Models were stratified by age, sex, and deprivation.Results: 23,428 TBIs (n=18,940) and 589,169 NTTs (n=421,259) were identified. TBIs were associated with higher mortality than NTT at all timepoints. Older age was associated with higher mortality after TBI, with 16.9% one-month mortality in patients aged 65-79, and 31% in patients aged 80-100.In TBI patients, 30-day mortality was significant irrespective of dementia. 6- and 12-month mortality were higher in those with than without pre-injury dementia diagnosis. Conclusions: TBI is associated with higher all-cause mortality than NTT, particularly in older age. Among those with TBI, patients with pre-injury dementia had particularly high chronic mortality. There is an urgent need to understand the reasons for poor outcomes in older adult TBI populations, especially those with dementia.
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Journal articleMiranda JJ, Lucar-Flores M, Bernabe-Ortiz A, et al., 2025,
Rethinking and transforming health systems for dementia care in low- and middle-income country settings
, PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH, Vol: 5 -
Journal articleLei G, Cooper SJ, 2025,
Do Llamas understand the periodic table?
, Digital Discovery, Vol: 4, Pages: 3455-3465, ISSN: 2635-098XLarge Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable abilities in synthesizing scientific knowledge, yet their limitations, particularly with basic arithmetic, raise questions about their reliability. As materials science increasingly employs LLMs for tasks like hypothesis generation, understanding how these models encode specialized knowledge becomes crucial. Here, we investigate how the open-source Llama series of LLMs represent the periodic table of elements. We observe a 3D spiral structure in the hidden states of LLMs that aligns with the conceptual structure of the periodic table, suggesting that LLMs can reflect the geometric organization of scientific concepts learned from text. Linear probing reveals that middle layers encode continuous, overlapping attributes that enable indirect recall, while deeper layers sharpen categorical distinctions and incorporate linguistic context. These findings suggest that LLMs represent symbolic knowledge not as isolated facts, but as structured geometric manifolds that intertwine semantic information across layers. We hope this inspires further exploration into the interpretability mechanisms of LLMs within chemistry and materials science, enhancing trust of model reliability, guiding model optimization and tool design, and promoting mutual innovation between science and AI.
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Journal article, 2025,
Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors
, Alzheimer S Dementia the Journal of the Alzheimer S Association, Vol: 21BACKGROUND: Dementia impairs cognitive abilities such as memory and decision-making, significantly affecting activities of daily living. As the condition progresses, confusion, forgetfulness, and wandering become increasingly common, with wandering occurring in approximately 60% of people living with dementia (PLwD). Night-time wandering poses substantial safety risks and increases caregiver burden. Despite its prevalence, there is a lack of effective tools to monitor and address these risks. METHOD: We developed a system that leverages ambient sensing technologies, including door sensors, in-home motion detectors, and under-mattress sleep sensors (Figure 1a-b), combined with automated algorithms to monitor night-time safety. Using a rule-based decision model, the system analyses sequences of door usage and motion patterns to identify potential safety risks, such as leaving the house at night or leaving doors open. The algorithm underwent rigorous multi-stage testing, including living lab evaluation, synthetic data simulation, retrospective analysis, and prospective validation. RESULTS: Validation was conducted across 94 households over 365 nights, totalling 297,297 monitoring hours. At least one night-time safety alert was triggered in 33 households, while no abnormal events were recorded in 61 households. Two hundred alerts were generated across 142 nights, with an average time outside 2 hours and 40 minutes per event. Of these alerts, 91.2% were validated as night-time going out events, with 14.9% representing routine activities. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the algorithm's effectiveness in timely, accurate night-time safety monitoring. Implementing it has the potential to enhance safety and reduce caregiver burden for PLwD in clinical and home care settings.
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Journal articleHana Frade JL, Engracia Giraldi JDM, Porat T, 2025,
The influence of national origin cues in HPV vaccination advertising: an eye-tracking study of visual attention and vaccine perception using quantitative and qualitative analysis
, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Vol: 21, ISSN: 2164-5515This study is among the first to investigate how national origin cues influence visual attention and perception in HPV vaccine advertisements, using eye-tracking technology to provide objective insights into consumer responses. By integrating methods from public health, psychology, and advertising research, this study explores how visual attention is shaped by national affiliation cues. In a controlled experimental setting with a sample of 40 UK university students, we investigated visual attention and effectiveness of HPV vaccination advertisements by comparing ads disclosing the national origin of the vaccine and without any origin information. We assessed total fixation duration and time to first fixation to various elements of the ad, along with intention and attitude measures. Contrary to one of our hypotheses, we did not find significant differences in intention (p = .758) and attitude (p = .620) measures. However, there was significant difference in total fixation duration toward one of the ad images between conditions (p = .043). The qualitative analysis reveals the role of country-of-origin (COO) in HPV vaccination advertising, suggesting a shift in attention from that image to the COO cue. Furthermore, eight out of the 20 participants in the treatment condition did not fixate at the COO cue. Findings provide critical insights for public health communication strategies, suggesting that the use (or omission) of national origin cues in vaccine advertisements could influence vaccine perception and hesitancy. These results highlight the need for strategic messaging approaches to enhance HPV vaccine acceptance and improve public trust in domestic and international vaccines.
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Journal articleKharman AM, Jursitzky C, Zhou Q, et al., 2025,
An adversarially robust data market for spatial, crowd-sourced data
, Distributed Ledger Technologies: Research and Practice, Vol: 4, Pages: 1-20, ISSN: 2769-6472We describe an architecture for a decentralised data market for applications in which agents are incentivised to collaborate to crowd-source their data. The architecture is designed to reward data that furthers the market’s collective goal, and distributes reward fairly to all those that contribute with their data. We show that the architecture is resilient to Sybil, wormhole and data poisoning attacks. In order to evaluate the resilience of the architecture, we characterise its breakdown points for various adversarial threat models in an automotive use case.
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Journal articleThillaithevan D, Murphy R, Hewson R, et al., 2025,
Correction to: Inverse design of periodic microstructures with targeted nonlinear mechanical behaviour
, Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, Vol: 68, ISSN: 1615-147X -
Journal articleCacciarelli D, Pinson P, Panagiotopoulos F, et al., 2025,
Do we actually understand the impact of renewables on electricity prices? A causal inference approach
, IENERGY, Vol: 4, Pages: 247-258 -
Journal articlePorras ML, Serruto FT, Butler CR, et al., 2025,
Public Health.
, Alzheimers Dement, Vol: 21 Suppl 6BACKGROUND: Dementia is a high burden condition in many low- and middle- income countries (LMIC). However, data are limited in terms of the patients' journey to receive a dementia diagnosis and treatment. There is also a lack of guidance on how to conduct this kind of research. This is the first study of its kind in Peru, providing a patient-centered approach to understand the patient journey of people with dementia (PWD) and their carers. Understanding this journey is essential for improving healthcare practices that address the unique challenges faced in this context METHOD: This qualitative study used in-depth interviews to map the patient journey of PWD. Participants included PWD, carers, and healthcare workers. A draft of the journey map was shared with a sub-sample of participants for validation, involving individual and group discussions at each site. Participants reflected on their experiences, identifying missing steps, emotions, touch points, timelines, and actors involved. RESULT: We interviewed 39 participants: 4 PWD (2 female, 2 male), 18 carers (15 female, 3 male), and 17 healthcare workers (12 female, 5 male). Mapping the patient journey revealed that PWD and carers navigate more steps than healthcare professionals perceive. They often make logistical decisions, engaging with multiple health systems before obtaining a diagnosis and treatment. The validation process highlighted missing details in the initial map. Participants offered valuable feedback, enriching the map to better reflect the fragmented pathways to dementia care in Peru. Additionally, these sessions provided a supportive environment for carers and healthcare workers to share experiences, fostering a sense of community and engagement with the research process. CONCLUSION: Mapping the experiences of PWD and carers revealed longer, more complex journeys than previously recognised by healthcare professionals. The validation process further enriched the findings, providing key insights into
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Journal articleSerban A-I, Horrocks S, Walsh C, et al., 2025,
Technology and Dementia Preconference.
, Alzheimers Dement, Vol: 21 Suppl 9BACKGROUND: Dementia impairs cognitive abilities such as memory and decision-making, significantly affecting activities of daily living. As the condition progresses, confusion, forgetfulness, and wandering become increasingly common, with wandering occurring in approximately 60% of people living with dementia (PLwD). Night-time wandering poses substantial safety risks and increases caregiver burden. Despite its prevalence, there is a lack of effective tools to monitor and address these risks. METHOD: We developed a system that leverages ambient sensing technologies, including door sensors, in-home motion detectors, and under-mattress sleep sensors (Figure 1a-b), combined with automated algorithms to monitor night-time safety. Using a rule-based decision model, the system analyses sequences of door usage and motion patterns to identify potential safety risks, such as leaving the house at night or leaving doors open. The algorithm underwent rigorous multi-stage testing, including living lab evaluation, synthetic data simulation, retrospective analysis, and prospective validation. RESULTS: Validation was conducted across 94 households over 365 nights, totalling 297,297 monitoring hours. At least one night-time safety alert was triggered in 33 households, while no abnormal events were recorded in 61 households. Two hundred alerts were generated across 142 nights, with an average time outside 2 hours and 40 minutes per event. Of these alerts, 91.2% were validated as night-time going out events, with 14.9% representing routine activities. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the algorithm's effectiveness in timely, accurate night-time safety monitoring. Implementing it has the potential to enhance safety and reduce caregiver burden for PLwD in clinical and home care settings.
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Journal articlePanahi AA, Luder D, Wu B, et al., 2025,
Fast and generalisable parameter-embedded neural operators for lithium-ion battery simulation
, ENERGY AND AI, Vol: 22, ISSN: 2666-5468 -
Journal articlePark J, Chang Y, Lee KP, et al., 2025,
Guest editorial: Digital ecosystems of service robot: artifacts, behaviors, organizations and design perspectives
, Industrial Management and Data Systems, Vol: 125, Pages: 2393-2397, ISSN: 0263-5577 -
Journal articleLyu D, Onori S, Tao S, et al., 2025,
Next steps for battery diagnostics
, Cell Reports Physical Science, Vol: 6Batteries are a cornerstone of expanding sustainable infrastructure. Battery behavior has an impact on consumers recharging their electric vehicles, industries designing battery-powered equipment, large-scale electric grid performance, warranties for electronics, and safety for everyday users. Correctly planning, executing, and succeeding in battery deployment relies on an accurate understanding of how batteries function and fail. We sought out researchers on the leading edge of battery diagnostic and prognostic techniques to describe where the field is headed. In this Voices piece, they provide their expert opinions—including evolving definitions, data as a key resource, future battery formats, and diagnostics motivating industry investment—to portray the future of battery diagnostics and prognostics.
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Conference paperGao J, Chaudhuri B, Astolfi A, 2025,
Enhanced transient stabilization with damping assignment
, 13th IFAC Symposium on Nonlinear Control Systems, Publisher: Elsevier, Pages: 496-501, ISSN: 2405-8963The paper proposes an analytical nonlinear control approach for enhancing the transient performance of lossy multi-machine power systems. The prominent feature of this approach lies in the inclusion of damping assignment, whereby the oscillation of the power system frequency is dampened out more effectively. In this regard, the proposed control approach is said to achieve enhanced transient stabilization, which is desirable in practical applications. A case study demonstrates the enhanced performance of the proposed control approach over existing nonlinear control approaches.
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Journal articleLiu H, Luo W, Xu M, et al., 2025,
Emerging bioelectronics and optogenetics for neurogastroenterology
, BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS, Vol: 288, ISSN: 0956-5663 -
Conference paperSun S, Cao J, Zhang Z, et al., 2025,
Culturally Adapted Design of a Digital Mental Health Intervention to the Chinese context: A design case study
, Pages: 120-130Culture plays a crucial role in the design of mental health interventions since it influences how people seek assistance, participate in healthy behaviours, and how services are provided. It is believed that including cultural factors in the intervention will improve its relevance, acceptability, effectiveness, and sustainability. In this paper, we present the design process of a case study of adapting an evidence-proven Australian digital mental health intervention to the Chinese context, following culturally sensitive design frameworks including the ADAPT Model and the Ecological Validity Model. Through cultural adaptation, the localised intervention, namely 云舒 (CloudEase), received a higher overall satisfaction score on the System Usability Scale compared to the literal translated version of the original intervention. Documenting each step of this process demonstrates a practical roadmap and guidelines for customising similar digital mental health interventions in Chinese or other cultural settings.
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Conference paperCho M, Re MD, Simpson T, et al., 2025,
Conversational AI in Community Care: Preliminary Insights from a Scoping Review
, Pages: 471-480Community-based care represents a strategic priority for healthcare systems globally, yet the integration of conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) in these settings remains underexplored. This ongoing scoping review investigates current applications of CAI in community care settings to identify and categorise functional capabilities that can guide future implementation decisions. Through systematic database searches, we identified 65 papers for detailed analysis. Our initial observation surfaced eight CAI capabilities: identify, detect, generate, create, record, send, adapt, and operate. ‘Generation’ was frequently observed to produce personalised responses, data summaries or care recommendations. ‘Adaptation’ appeared particularly relevant in community care, facilitating linguistically and culturally responsive care. Emergent insights include the role of CAI in supporting relational care, enhancing cultural and contextual sensitivity, enabling collaboration with human agents, and processing multimodal data inputs for diverse care settings. This capability-centred analysis will provide an evidence-based foundation for innovators and clinical teams to make informed decisions about CAI integration in community care environments, with implications for scaling accessible and culturally appropriate care delivery.
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Journal articleJin B, Kobayashi A, Bhattacharya D, et al., 2025,
Automated straight-line sewing of stretchable fabrics with different lengths
, IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, Vol: 10, Pages: 12165-12172, ISSN: 2377-3766Different Length Alignment Sewing (DLAS), which involves stretching the shorter fabric to match the longer one and sewing them together in a straight line, is a challenging task that needs to satisfy several requirements when automating the sewing process. To address the challenges, this research proposes a novel robotic sewing system, Different Length Robotic Sewing System (DLRoSS), which consists of a roller type end-effector, attached to a 6-DoF manipulator. The end-effector composed of active shorter and longer fabric rollers, and a passive press-roller attached to the shorter-fabric roller. Assuming that one end of the two fabric layers are initially positioned under the sewing machine’s presser foot, the system automates DLAS by operating in four distinct phases. (P1) Fabric wrapping: Individual fabric layers are picked, held, and wrapped from the other end onto the feed rollers. (P2) Sewing: During the sewing, the shorter fabric is stretched and aligned with the longer fabric in real-time using roller velocity control based on the sewing speed and apriori known length ratio. (P3) Sewing completion: In the final sewing round on the fabric rollers, the press roller is engaged to prevent the stretched fabric from slipping off due to internal tension. (P4) Sewing fabric release: At the end of sewing, the fabric edge moves past the press roller, and the fabric releases from the rollers. Experimental results demonstrate that DLRoSS achieves consistent, high-quality sewing of stretchable fabrics of different materials and lengths.
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Journal articleHamdan S, Pinson P, Treluyer J-M, et al., 2025,
Trends of Opioids and Nefopam Use Among French Children: A Population-Based Study From 2009 to 2023
, CLINICAL DRUG INVESTIGATION, ISSN: 1173-2563 -
Conference paperZHOU J, Aloufi R, Porat T, et al., 2025,
Human-AI collaboration in high-stakes decision-making: work in progress
, 38th International BCS Human-Computer Interaction Conference (BCS HCI 25), Publisher: BCS Learning and Development Ltd, Pages: 465-470This work in progress investigates human interaction with an LLM-powered chatbot, presented as either a fellow human or a transparently disclosed AI collaborator, in a high-stakes decision-making simulation—the NASA Moon Survival Task. We will employ a one-way between-subjects design to examine how individuals’ collaboration and communication are influenced by the identity of their partner (AI vs. human). Specifically, we will evaluate individuals’ collaboration processes (i.e., collaborative behaviour and communicative dynamics) and outcomes, alongside their retrospective interaction experience andperceptions of the partner. We will also examine dyadic-level linguistic coordination during the interaction and conduct user profiling to uncover variations in AI collaborative benefits. We anticipate that this studywill have four key impacts: safeguarding human-AI collaboration, democratising AI benefits, guiding modelimprovement, and making methodological contributions. The anonymised dialogues and associated data will be open-sourced upon study completion.
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Journal articleBoufelja Y S, Quinn A, Shorten R, 2025,
Randomized transport plans via hierarchical fully probabilistic design
, Information Sciences, Vol: 718, ISSN: 0020-0255An optimal randomized strategy for design of balanced, normalized mass transport plans is developed. It replaces—but specializes to—the deterministic, regularized optimal transport (OT) strategy, which yields only a certainty-equivalent plan. The incompletely specified—and therefore uncertain—transport plan is acknowledged to be a random process. Therefore, hierarchical fully probabilistic design (HFPD) is adopted, yielding an optimal hyperprior supported on the set of possible transport plans, and consistent with prior mean constraints on the marginals of the uncertain plan. This Bayesian resetting of the design problem for transport plans—which we call HFPD-OT—confers new opportunities. These include (i) a strategy for the generation of a random sample of joint transport plans; (ii) randomized marginal contracts for individual source-target pairs; and (iii) consistent measures of uncertainty in the plan and its contracts. An application in fair market matching is outlined, in which HFPD-OT enables the recruitment of a more diverse subset of contracts—than is possible in classical OT—into the delivery of an expected plan.
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