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  • Journal article
    D'Amato R, Taxiarchi C, Galardini M, Trusso A, Minuz RL, Grilli S, Somerville AGT, Shittu D, Khalil AS, Galizi R, Crisanti A, Simoni A, Muller Ret al., 2024,

    Anti-CRISPR <i>Anopheles</i> mosquitoes inhibit gene drive spread under challenging behavioural conditions in large cages

    , NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 15
  • Journal article
    Ahmadi Y, Umrekar TR, Mutter N, Beeby M, Barišić Iet al., 2024,

    DNA origami-enhanced binding of aptamers to Staphylococcus aureus cells

    , Biosensors and Bioelectronics: X, Vol: 16

    The combination of DNA origami nanostructures and aptamers provides a powerful technology for diagnostic assays. Here, we functionalized a DNA origami nanostructure with a Protein-A binding aptamer to target Staphylococcus aureus bacterial cells. Using an enzyme-linked oligonucleotide assay (ELONA), we semi-quantitatively analyzed and compared the interaction of the aptamer and aptamer-modified DNA origamis with Staphylococcus aureus bacterial isolates. The results showed that aptamer-functionalized DNA nanostructures bind with five times higher affinity (KD: 34 ± 5 nM) compared to the aptamer alone (KD: 160 ± 9 nM). Visualising the interaction of bacterial cells and nanostructures with electron cryotomography further confirmed the aptamer-mediated specific interaction of DNA nanostructures with bacterial cells.
  • Journal article
    Patterson C, Hazime K, Zelenay S, Davis Det al., 2024,

    Prostaglandin E₂ impacts multiple stages of the natural killer cell antitumor immune response

    , European Journal of Immunology, Vol: 54, ISSN: 0014-2980

    Tumor immune escape is a major factor contributing to cancer progression and unresponsiveness to cancer therapies. Tumors can produce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), an inflammatory mediator that directly acts on Natural killer (NK) cells to inhibit antitumor immunity. However, precisely how PGE2 influences NK cell tumor-restraining functions remains unclear. Here, we report that following PGE₂ treatment, human NK cells exhibited altered expression of specific activating receptors and a reduced ability to degranulate and kill cancer targets. Transcriptional analysis uncovered that PGE₂ also differentially modulated the expression of chemokine receptors by NK cells, inhibiting CXCR3 but increasing CXCR4. Consistent with this, PGE₂-treated NK cells exhibited decreased migration to CXCL10 but increased ability to migrate toward CXCL12. Using live cell imaging, we showed that in the presence of PGE2, NK cells were slower and less likely to kill cancer target cells following conjugation. Imaging the sequential stages of NK cell killing revealed that PGE₂ impaired NK cell polarization, but not the re-organization of synaptic actin or the release of perforin itself. Together, these findings demonstrate that PGE₂ affects multiple but select NK cell functions. Understanding how cancer cells subvert NK cells is necessary to more effectively harness the cancer-inhibitory function of NK cells in treatments.
  • Journal article
    Karamanos TK, Matthews S, 2024,

    Biomolecular NMR in the AI-assisted structural biology era: Old tricks and new opportunities

    , BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS, Vol: 1872, ISSN: 1570-9639
  • Journal article
    Mutemi DD, Tuju J, Ogwang R, Nyamako L, Wambui KM, Cruz IR, Villner P, Yman V, Kinyanjui SM, Rooth I, Ngasala B, Färnert A, Osier FHAet al., 2024,

    Antibody-dependent respiratory burst against Plasmodium falciparum Merozoites in individuals living in an area with declining malaria transmission

    , Vaccines, Vol: 12, ISSN: 2076-393X

    Malaria transmission intensity affects the development of naturally acquired immunity to malaria. An absolute correlate measure of protection against malaria is lacking. However, antibody-mediated functions against Plasmodium falciparum correlate with protection against malaria. In children, antibody-mediated functions against P. falciparum decline with reduced exposure. It is unclear whether adults maintain antibody-mediated functions as malaria transmission declines. This study assessed antibody-dependent respiratory burst (ADRB) in individuals from an area with declining malaria transmission. In an age-matched analysis, we compare ADRB activity during high versus low malaria transmission periods. Age significantly predicted higher ADRB activity in the high (p < 0.001) and low (p < 0.001) malaria transmission periods. ADRB activity was higher during the high compared to the low malaria transmission period in older children and adults. Only older adults during the high malaria transmission period had their median ADRB activity above the ADRB cut-off. Ongoing P. falciparum infection influenced ADRB activity during the low (p = 0.01) but not the high (p = 0.29) malaria transmission period. These findings propose that naturally acquired immunity to P. falciparum is affected in children and adults as malaria transmission declines, implying that vaccines will be necessary to induce and maintain protection against malaria.
  • Journal article
    Cruz-Silva E, Harrion SP, Prentice IC, Marinova Eet al., 2024,

    Holocene vegetation dynamics of the Eastern Mediterranean region: old controversies addressed by a new analysis

    , Journal of Biogeography, Vol: 51, Pages: 294-310, ISSN: 0305-0270

    Aim:We reconstruct vegetation changes since 12 ky in the Eastern Mediterranean to examine four features of the regional vegetation history that are controversial: the extent of non-analogue vegetation assemblages in the transition from the Late Glacial to the early Holocene, the synchroneity of postglacial forest expansion, the geographical extent of temperate deciduous forest during the mid-Holocene and the timing and trigger for the re-establishment of drought-tolerant vegetation during the late Holocene.Location:The Eastern Mediterranean–Black Sea Caspian Corridor.Taxon:Vascular plants.Methods:We reconstruct vegetation changes for 122 fossil pollen records using a method that accounts for within-biome variability in pollen taxon abundance to determine the biome with which a sample has greatest affinity. Per-biome affinity threshold values were used to identify samples that do not belong to any modern biome. We apply time series analysis and mapping to examine space and time changes.Results:Sites with non-analogue vegetation were most common between 11.5 and 9.5 ky and mostly in the Carpathians. The transition from open vegetation to forest occurred at 10.64 ± 0.65 ky across the whole region. Temperate deciduous forest was not more extensive at 6 ky; maximum expansion occurred between 5.5 and 5 ky. Expansion of forest occurred between c. 4 and 2.8 k, followed by an abrupt decrease and a subsequent recovery. This pattern is not consistent with a systematic decline of forest towards more drought-tolerant vegetation in the late Holocene but is consistent with centennial-scale speleothem patterns linked to variations in moisture availability.Main Conclusions:We show the occurrence of non-analogue vegetation types peaked during early Holocene, forest expansion was synchronous across the region and there was an expansion of moisture-demanding temperate trees around 5.5 to 5 ky. There is no signal of a continuous late Holocene aridificat
  • Journal article
    Hatfield JH, Banks-Leite C, Barlow J, Lees AC, Tobias JAet al., 2024,

    Constraints on avian seed dispersal reduce potential for resilience in degraded tropical forests

    , FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY, Vol: 38, Pages: 315-326, ISSN: 0269-8463
  • Journal article
    Molnar Z, Aumeeruddy-Thomas Y, Babai D, Diaz S, Garnett ST, Hill R, Bates P, Brondizio ES, Carino J, Demeter L, Fernandez-Llamazares A, Gueze M, Mcelwee P, Ollerer K, Purvis A, Reyes-Garcia V, Samakov A, Singh RKet al., 2024,

    Towards richer knowledge partnerships between ecology and ethnoecology

    , TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION, Vol: 39, Pages: 109-115, ISSN: 0169-5347
  • Journal article
    Liu Y, Olsson A, Larva T, Cantwell-Jones A, Gill RJ, Cederberg B, Webster MTet al., 2024,

    Genomic variation in montane bumblebees in Scandinavia: high levels of intraspecific diversity despite population vulnerability.

    , Molecular Ecology, Vol: 33, ISSN: 0962-1083

    Populations of many bumblebee species are declining, with distributions shifting northwards to track suitable climates. Climate change is considered a major contributing factor. Arctic species are particularly vulnerable as they cannot shift further north, making assessment of their population viability important. Analysis of levels of whole-genome variation is a powerful way to analyse population declines and fragmentation. Here, we use genome sequencing to analyse genetic variation in seven species of bumblebee from the Scandinavian mountains, including two classified as vulnerable. We sequenced 333 samples from across the ranges of these species in Sweden. Estimates of effective population size (NE ) vary from ~55,000 for species with restricted high alpine distributions to 220,000 for more widespread species. Population fragmentation is generally very low or undetectable over large distances in the mountains, suggesting an absence of barriers to gene flow. The relatively high NE and low population structure indicate that none of the species are at immediate risk of negative genetic effects caused by high levels of genetic drift. However, reconstruction of historical fluctuations in NE indicates that the arctic specialist species Bombus hyperboreus has experienced population declines since the last ice age and we detected one highly inbred diploid male of this species close to the southern limit of its range, potentially indicating elevated genetic load. Although the levels of genetic variation in montane bumblebee populations are currently relatively high, their ranges are predicted to shrink drastically due to the effects of climate change and monitoring is essential to detect future population declines.
  • Journal article
    Granville NR, Barclay MVL, Boyle MJW, Chung AYC, Fayle TM, Hah HE, Hardwick JL, Kinneen L, Kitching RL, Maunsell SC, Miller JA, Sharp AC, Stork NE, Wai L, Yusah KM, Ewers RMet al., 2024,

    Resilience of tropical invertebrate community assembly processes to a gradient of land use intensity

    , OIKOS, Vol: 2024, ISSN: 0030-1299

    Understanding how community assembly processes drive biodiversity patterns is a central goal of community ecology. While it is generally accepted that ecological communities are assembled by both stochastic and deterministic processes, quantifying their relative importance remains challenging. Few studies have investigated how the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic community assembly processes vary among taxa and along gradients of habitat degradation. Using data on 1645 arthropod species across seven taxonomic groups in Malaysian Borneo, we quantified the importance of ecological stochasticity and of a suite of community assembly processes across a gradient of logging intensity. The relationship between logging and community assembly varied depending on the specific combination of taxa and stochasticity metric used, but, in general, the processes that govern invertebrate community assembly were remarkably robust to changes in land use intensity.
  • Journal article
    Cretois B, Bick IA, Balantic C, Gelderblom FB, Pavon-Jordan D, Wiel J, Sethi SS, Betchkal DH, Banet B, Rosten CM, Reinen TAet al., 2024,

    Snowmobile noise alters bird vocalization patterns during winter and pre-breeding season

    , JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, Vol: 61, Pages: 340-350, ISSN: 0021-8901
  • Journal article
    Basu S, Shukron O, Hall D, Parutto P, Ponjavic A, Shah D, Boucher W, Lando D, Zhang W, Reynolds N, Sober LH, Jartseva A, Ragheb R, Ma X, Cramard J, Floyd R, Balmer J, Drury TA, Carr AR, Needham L-M, Aubert A, Communie G, Gor K, Steindel M, Morey L, Blanco E, Bartke T, Di Croce L, Berger I, Schaffitzel C, Lee SF, Stevens TJ, Klenerman D, Hendrich BD, Holcman D, Laue EDet al., 2024,

    Live-cell three-dimensional single-molecule tracking reveals modulation of enhancer dynamics by NuRD ( vol 30 , pg 1628 , 2023)

    , NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, Vol: 31, Pages: 390-390, ISSN: 1545-9993
  • Journal article
    Keeping T, Harrison SP, Prentice IC, 2024,

    Modelling the daily probability of wildfire occurrence in the contiguous United States

    , Environmental Research Letters, Vol: 19, ISSN: 1748-9326

    The development of a high-quality wildfire occurrence model is an essential component in mapping present wildfire risk, and in projecting future wildfire dynamics with climate and land-use change. Here, we develop a new model for predicting the daily probability of wildfire occurrence at 0.1° (∼10 km) spatial resolution by adapting a generalised linear modelling (GLM) approach to include improvements to the variable selection procedure, identification of the range over which specific predictors are influential, and the minimisation of compression, applied in an ensemble of model runs. We develop and test the model using data from the contiguous United States. The ensemble performed well in predicting the mean geospatial patterns of fire occurrence, the interannual variability in the number of fires, and the regional variation in the seasonal cycle of wildfire. Model runs gave an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.85–0.88, indicating good predictive power. The ensemble of runs provides insight into the key predictors for wildfire occurrence in the contiguous United States. The methodology, though developed for the United States, is globally implementable.
  • Journal article
    Arraiano-Castilho R, Bidartondo MI, Niskanen T, Brunner I, Zimmermann S, Senn-Irlet B, Frey B, Peintner U, Mrak T, Suz LMet al., 2024,

    Climatic shifts threaten alpine mycorrhizal communities above the treeline

    , FUNGAL ECOLOGY, Vol: 67, ISSN: 1754-5048
  • Journal article
    Leung PB, Matanza XM, Roche B, Ha KP, Cheung HC, Appleyard S, Collins T, Flanagan O, Marteyn BS, Clements Aet al., 2024,

    <i>Shigella</i><i> sonnei</i> utilises colicins during inter- bacterial competition

    , MICROBIOLOGY-SGM, Vol: 170, ISSN: 1350-0872
  • Journal article
    Currie D, Wong N, Zane I, Rix T, Vardakastanis M, Claxton A, Ong KKV, Macmorland W, Poivet A, Brooks A, Niola P, Huntley D, Montano Xet al., 2024,

    A Potential Prognostic Gene Signature Associated with p53-Dependent NTRK1 Activation and Increased Survival of Neuroblastoma Patients

    , CANCERS, Vol: 16
  • Journal article
    Schuster M, Eisele S, Armas-Egas L, Kessenbrock T, Kourelis J, Kaiser M, van der Hoorn RALet al., 2024,

    Enhanced late blight resistance by engineering an EpiC2B-insensitive immune protease

    , Plant Biotechnology Journal, Vol: 22, Pages: 284-286, ISSN: 1467-7644

    Papain-like immune proteases (PLCPs) are promising engineering targets for crop protection, given their significant roles in plant immunity for key crops such as tomato, maize and citrus (Misas-Villamil et al., 2016). The wide range of pathogen-secreted PLCP inhibitors highlights the importance of these proteases in defending against various pathogens. Depletion of the apoplastic immune PLCP Phytophthora-inhibited protease 1 (Pip1) from tomato, for instance, causes hyper-susceptibility to bacterial, fungal and oomycete tomato pathogens (Ilyas et al., 2015). Immunity by Pip1 in wild-type tomato is, however, suboptimal since Pip1 is suppressed during infection by diverse pathogen-secreted inhibitors, such as the cystatin-like EpiC2B from the oomycete late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans (Tian et al., 2007). Here, we tested whether we could increase Pip1-based immunity against late blight by engineering Pip1 into an EpiC2B-insensitive protease. To guide Pip1 mutagenesis, we generated a structural model of the EpiC2B-Pip1 complex using AlphaFold-Multimer (Evans et al., 2022). This structural model represents a classic interaction between the tripartite wedge of cystatin (EpiC2B) in the substrate binding groove of papain (Pip1). This model indicated that engineering Pip1 to prevent inhibition without affecting Pip1 substrate specificity is possible because the interaction surface of Pip1 with EpiC2B is larger than the substrate binding groove (Figure 1a).
  • Journal article
    Majumdar A, Moulick D, Srivastava S, 2024,

    Editorial: ‘Save Soil' by managing soil nutrient losses, agronomic practices and crop-microbial interaction: World Soil Day 2022

    , Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Vol: 8
  • Journal article
    Cantwell-Jones A, Tylianakis J, Larson K, Gill Ret al., 2024,

    Using individual-based trait frequency distributions to forecast plant-pollinator network responses to environmental change

    , Ecology Letters, Vol: 27, ISSN: 1461-023X

    Determining how and why organisms interact is fundamental to understanding ecosystem responses to future environmental change. To assess the impact on plant-pollinator interactions, recent studies have examined how the effects of environmental change on individual interactions accumulate to generate species-level responses. Here, we review recent developments in using plant-pollinator networks of interacting individuals along with their functional traits, where individuals are nested within species nodes. We highlight how these individual-level, trait-based networks connect intraspecific trait variation (as frequency distributions of multiple traits) with dynamic responses within plant-pollinator communities. This approach can better explain interaction plasticity, and changes to interaction probabilities and network structure over spatiotemporal or other environmental gradients. We argue that only through appreciating such trait-based interaction plasticity can we accurately forecast the potential vulnerability of interactions to future environmental change. We follow this with general guidance on how future studies can collect and analyse high-resolution interaction and trait data, with the hope of improving predictions of future plant-pollinator network responses for targeted and effective conservation.
  • Journal article
    Anderson MAE, Gonzalez E, Edgington MP, Ang JXD, Purusothaman D-K, Shackleford L, Nevard K, Verkuijl SAN, Harvey-Samuel T, Leftwich PT, Esvelt K, Alphey Let al., 2024,

    A multiplexed, confinable CRISPR/Cas9 gene drive can propagate in caged Aedes aegypti populations.

    , Nat Commun, Vol: 15

    Aedes aegypti is the main vector of several major pathogens including dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses. Classical mosquito control strategies utilizing insecticides are threatened by rising resistance. This has stimulated interest in new genetic systems such as gene drivesHere, we test the regulatory sequences from the Ae. aegypti benign gonial cell neoplasm (bgcn) homolog to express Cas9 and a separate multiplexing sgRNA-expressing cassette inserted into the Ae. aegypti kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (kmo) gene. When combined, these two elements provide highly effective germline cutting at the kmo locus and act as a gene drive. Our target genetic element drives through a cage trial population such that carrier frequency of the element increases from 50% to up to 89% of the population despite significant fitness costs to kmo insertions. Deep sequencing suggests that the multiplexing design could mitigate resistance allele formation in our gene drive system.
  • Report
    Waring BG, 2024,

    The potential for enhanced soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change

    This briefing note assesses the potential for soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change, summarising the basic science and providing an overview of best practices for measuring and modifying soil carbon stocks. We also set out recommendations for policy makers, examining UK land use policies as a case study.
  • Journal article
    Li S, Waring B, Powers J, Medvigy Det al., 2024,

    Tropical dry forest response to nutrient fertilization: a model validation and sensitivity analysis

    , BIOGEOSCIENCES, Vol: 21, Pages: 455-471, ISSN: 1726-4170
  • Journal article
    Gokce-Samar Z, Vetro A, De Bellescize J, Pisano T, Monteiro L, Penaud N, Korff CM, Fluss J, Marini C, Cesaroni E, Alvarez BM, Sanlaville D, Chatron N, Arzimanoglou AA, Labalme A, Cuddapah VA, Ruggiero SM, Lecoquierre F, Nicolas G, Marie GA, Lebas A, Testard HO, Helbig KL, Ruiz A, Ngoh A, Kurian MA, Reid K, Spaull R, Joset P, Ramantani G, Steindl K, Krenn M, Gerstl L, Vieker S, Craiu D, Pendziwiat M, Haldeman-Englert C, Kanivets I, Romanova I, Rajan DS, Rosenfeld JA, Au M, Grand K, Graham JM, Isapof A, Villeneuve N, Smol T, Caumes R, Zacher P, Neuser S, Tinschert S, Platzer K, Bartolomaeus T, Mohnke I, Radtke M, Jamra RA, Helbig I, Jansen FE, Koop K, Rudolf G, Küry S, Courchet J, Guerrini R, Lesca Get al., 2024,

    Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization of the <i>RORB</i> -Related Disorder

    , Neurology, Vol: 102, ISSN: 0028-3878
  • Journal article
    Mom J, Chouikha I, Valette O, Pieulle L, Pelicic V, Pizza Met al., 2024,

    Systematic functional analysis of the Com pilus in <i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i>: a minimalistic type 4 filament dedicated to DNA uptake in monoderm bacteria

    , MBIO, Vol: 15, ISSN: 2150-7511
  • Journal article
    Moulick D, Mukherjee A, Das A, Roy A, Majumdar A, Dhar A, Pattanaik BK, Chowardhara B, Ghosh D, Upadhyay MK, Yadav P, Hazra S, Sarkar S, Mahanta S, Santra SC, Choudhury S, Maitra S, Mishra UN, Bhutia KL, Skalicky M, Obročník O, Bárek V, Brestic M, Hossain Aet al., 2024,

    Selenium - An environmentally friendly micronutrient in agroecosystem in the modern era: An overview of 50-year findings.

    , Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, Vol: 270

    Agricultural productivity is constantly being forced to maintain yield stability to feed the enormously growing world population. However, shrinking arable and nutrient-deprived soil and abiotic and biotic stressor (s) in different magnitudes put additional challenges to achieving global food security. Though well-defined, the concept of macro, micronutrients, and beneficial elements is from a plant nutritional perspective. Among various micronutrients, selenium (Se) is essential in small amounts for the life cycle of organisms, including crops. Selenium has the potential to improve soil health, leading to the improvement of productivity and crop quality. However, Se possesses an immense encouraging phenomenon when supplied within the threshold limit, also having wide variations. The supplementation of Se has exhibited promising outcomes in lessening biotic and abiotic stress in various crops. Besides, bulk form, nano-Se, and biogenic-Se also revealed some merits and limitations. Literature suggests that the possibilities of biogenic-Se in stress alleviation and fortifying foods are encouraging. In this article, apart from adopting a combination of a conventional extensive review of the literature and bibliometric analysis, the authors have assessed the journey of Se in the "soil to spoon" perspective in a diverse agroecosystem to highlight the research gap area. There is no doubt that the time has come to seriously consider the tag of beneficial elements associated with Se, especially in the drastic global climate change era.
  • Journal article
    Worboys JD, Davis DM, 2024,

    Do inhibitory receptors need to be proximal to stimulatory receptors to function?

    , GENES AND IMMUNITY, ISSN: 1466-4879
  • Journal article
    Savolainen V, Bailey NW, Diamond L, Swift-Gallant A, Gavrilets S, Raymond M, Verweij KJHet al., 2024,

    A broader cultural view is necessary to study the evolution of sexual orientation

    , Nature Ecology and Evolution, Vol: 8, Pages: 181-183, ISSN: 2397-334X

    The causation of sexual orientation is likely to be complex and influenced by multiple factors1. We advocate incorporating a broader cultural view into evolutionary andgenetic studies to account for differences in how sexual orientation is experienced, expressed, and understood in both human and non-human animals.
  • Journal article
    Meccariello A, 2024,

    Gene drive and genetic sex conversion in theglobal agricultural pest Ceratitis capitata

    , Nature Communications, Vol: 15, ISSN: 2041-1723

    Homing-based gene drives are recently proposed interventions promising the area-wide, species-specific genetic control of harmful insect populations. Here we characterise a first set of gene drives in a tephritid agricultural pest species, the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (medfly). Our results show that the medfly is highly amenable to homing-based gene drive strategies. By targeting the medfly transformer gene, we also demonstrate how CRISPR-Cas9 gene drive can be coupled to sex conversion, whereby genetic females are transformed into fertile and harmless XX males. Given this unique malleability of sex determination, we modelled gene drive interventions that couple sex conversion and female sterility and found that such approaches could be effective and tolerant of resistant allele selection in the target population. Our results open the door for developing gene drive strains for the population suppression of the medfly and related tephritid pests by co-targeting female reproduction and shifting the reproductive sex ratio towards males. They demonstrate the untapped potential for gene drives to tackle agricultural pests in an environmentally friendly and economical way.
  • Journal article
    Hersperger F, Meyring T, Weber P, Chhatbar C, Monaco G, Dionne MS, Paeschke K, Prinz M, Groß O, Classen A-K, Kierdorf Ket al., 2024,

    DNA damage signaling in Drosophila macrophages modulates systemic cytokine levels in response to oxidative stress

    , eLife, Vol: 12, ISSN: 2050-084X

    Environmental factors, infection, or injury can cause oxidative stress in diverse tissues and loss of tissue homeostasis. Effective stress response cascades, conserved from invertebrates to mammals, ensure reestablishment of homeostasis and tissue repair. Hemocytes, the Drosophila blood-like cells, rapidly respond to oxidative stress by immune activation. However, the precise signals how they sense oxidative stress and integrate these signals to modulate and balance the response to oxidative stress in the adult fly are ill-defined. Furthermore, hemocyte diversification was not explored yet on oxidative stress. Here, we employed high-throughput single nuclei RNA-sequencing to explore hemocytes and other cell types, such as fat body, during oxidative stress in the adult fly. We identified distinct cellular responder states in plasmatocytes, the Drosophila macrophages, associated with immune response and metabolic activation upon oxidative stress. We further define oxidative stress-induced DNA damage signaling as a key sensor and a rate-limiting step in immune-activated plasmatocytes controlling JNK-mediated release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine unpaired-3. We subsequently tested the role of this specific immune activated cell stage during oxidative stress and found that inhibition of DNA damage signaling in plasmatocytes, as well as JNK or upd3 overactivation, result in a higher susceptibility to oxidative stress. Our findings uncover that a balanced composition and response of hemocyte subclusters is essential for the survival of adult Drosophila on oxidative stress by regulating systemic cytokine levels and cross-talk to other organs, such as the fat body, to control energy mobilization.
  • Journal article
    Waring BG, 2024,

    Grand challenges in ecosystem restoration

    , FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, Vol: 11

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