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  • Journal article
    Shahbazi Khamas S, Brinkman P, Neerincx AH, Vijverberg SJH, Hashimoto S, Blankestijn JM, Duitman JW, Dekker T, Smids BS, Terheggen-Lagro SWJ, Lutter R, Metwally NKA, Sondaal F, Haarman EG, Sterk PJ, Adcock IM, Auffray C, Bang C, Bansal AT, Buntrock-Dopke H, Bonnelykke K, Bush A, Chawes BL, Chung KF, Corcuera-Elosegui P, Dahlen S-E, Djukanovic R, Fleming LJ, Fowler SJ, Franke A, Frey U, Gorenjak M, Brandstetter S, Harner S, Hedlin G, Kabesch M, Zounemat-Kermani N, Kheirolldein P, Kiefer A, Konradsen JR, Kraneveld AD, Lopez-Fernandez L, Murray CS, Nordlund B, Pino-Yanes M, Potocnik U, Roberts G, Stokholm J, Sorensen SJ, Sardon-Prado O, Shaw DE, Singer F, Sousa AR, Thorsen J, Toncheva AA, Vissing NH, Wolff C, Abdel-Aziz MI, van der Zee AHet al., 2025,

    Complementary Predictors for Asthma Attack Prediction in Children: Salivary Microbiome, Serum Inflammatory Mediators, and Past Attack History

    , ALLERGY, ISSN: 0105-4538
  • Journal article
    Ou C, Deng Z, Liao Y, Cen X, Wu P, Lu C, Fu X, Wang C, Jin M, Shi G, Qiu Z, Wei X, Gu W, Kang J, Zhang Y, Huang M, Xu J, Huang K, Li Q, Zhang X, Wei C, Wang G, Chung KF, Zhong N, Zhang Q, Xie Jet al., 2025,

    C-BIOPRED severe asthma clinical phenotypes: link to complement and coagulation pathways and galectin 10

    , ERJ OPEN RESEARCH, Vol: 11
  • Journal article
    Lo C-Y, Wang C-H, Lin C-Y, Lin T-Y, Chang P-J, Lo Y-L, Wang T-Y, Huang T-T, He J-R, Heh C-C, Luo H-R, Chuang L-P, Lin S-W, Chen N-H, Lin S-M, Lin H-C, Chung KFet al., 2025,

    Corticosteroid insensitivity in asthma associated with obstructive sleep apnoea: Role of oxidative stress and histone acetylation

    , BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, ISSN: 0007-1188
  • Journal article
    Toumpanakis D, Karagiannis K, Paredi P, Bikov A, Bonifazi M, Lota HK, Kalsi H, Minelli C, Dikaios N, Kastis GA, Barnes PJ, Wells AU, Usmani OS, Renzoni EAet al., 2025,

    Contribution of peripheral airways dysfunction to poor quality of life in sarcoidosis

    , CHEST, Vol: 168, Pages: 423-434, ISSN: 0012-3692

    BackgroundSarcoidosis is characterized by reduced quality of life (QoL), yet QoL is correlated poorly to conventional spirometric lung function tests.Research QuestionWhat is the relationship of a QoL measure with comprehensive lung function assessment using oscillometry in sarcoidosis?Study Design and MethodsSixty-two patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis completed the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), a respiratory QoL measure, and underwent lung function assessment including oscillometry, spirometry, diffusion capacity, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno), and body plethysmography. Relationships of lung function parameters with SGRQ results were determined with Spearman rank coefficient (ρ), and receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted. Logistic regression and hierarchy cluster analysis of parameters from multiple lung function techniques were performed.ResultsOscillometric indices describing peripheral lung dysfunction showed significant associations with SGRQ score (resistance at 5 Hz [R5], ρ = 0.43 [P < .01]; R5 minus resistance at 20 Hz [R20], ρ = 0.35 [P < .01]; reactance at 5 Hz [X5], ρ = –0.42 [P < .01]; reactance area under the curve [Ax], ρ = 0.44 [P < .01]), whereas FVC % predicted and residual volume to total lung capacity ratio, were related weakly to SGRQ score (ρ = –0.30 [P = .02] and ρ = 0.30 [P = .02], respectively). Oscillometry reactance, measuring elastic properties of the lung, predicted an impaired QoL (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: Ax, 0.80 [P < .001] and X5, 0.78 [P < .001]), even in patients with absence of an obstructive or restrictive spirometry pattern. Ax remained associated significantly with SGRQ score even after adjustment for FVC and Scadding stage on multivariable analysis (P = .005). Feno was not associated with SGRQ score. Peripheral airway function parameters (R5 minus R20, Ax, and residual volume to total lung c
  • Journal article
    Kemp PR, Griffiths M, Polkey MI, Sathyapala Aet al., 2025,

    Variability in sensitivity to inflammation in muscle and lung of patients with COPD may underlie susceptibility to lung function decline

    , Thorax, Vol: 80, Pages: 520-529, ISSN: 0040-6376

    Background: Muscle wasting and weakness (sarcopenia) are commonly associated with COPD causing frailty and reduced quality of life. The contribution of inflammation to muscle loss and the susceptibility to rapid lung function decline is debated. We hypothesised that comparing the muscle transcriptome to circulating inflammatory cytokine profiles in patients would identify any contribution of systemic inflammation to muscle atrophy.Methods: Quadriceps differential gene expression was determined between mild-COPD (n=28) and severe-COPD (n=51) using GSE100281. These microarray data were compared by biweight mid-correlation with lung function and plasma cytokine levels from the same patients.Results: Patients with severe COPD had reduced fat-free mass index (a measurement of muscle mass) compared with patients with mild COPD despite similar physical activity and inflammatory cytokine levels. Gene sets associated with inflammation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) were elevated in severe COPD, suggesting that inflammation may contribute to the loss of muscle mass. In patients with severe COPD, EMT and inflammation gene sets were strongly associated with circulating proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, in patients with mild COPD, anti-inflammatory cytokines showed negative associations with these gene sets and associations with proinflammatory cytokines were weak. In data from lung and blood samples, patients with severe COPD had elevated inflammatory and EMT gene expression compared with patients with mild COPD suggesting that this phenomenon is not muscle-specific.Conclusions: In patients at the severe end of the COPD spectrum, the proinflammatory response in muscle predominates, whereas in patients at the mild end of the spectrum, the anti-inflammatory response predominates. This suggestion needs confirming in a longitudinal cohort.
  • Journal article
    Soriano JB, Cao B, Barnes PJ, 2025,

    No plan B, no planet B: confronting the rising global burden of chronic respiratory diseases

    , LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE, Vol: 13, ISSN: 2213-2600
  • Journal article
    Santana MBRD, Cruz AA, Teixeira HMP, Silva HDS, Abdel-Aziz MI, Hashimoto S, Vijverberg SJH, Herrera-Luis E, Pino-Yanes M, Burchard EG, Chung KF, Djukanovic R, Dahlen S-E, Adcock IM, Cox C, Brunetti T, Campbell M, Rafaels N, Barnes KC, Der Zee AHM-V, Figueiredo CA, Costa RSet al., 2025,

    Chromosome 21 variants tied to severe asthma exacerbations: A genome-wide association study in a Brazilian population

    , JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY: GLOBAL, Vol: 4
  • Journal article
    Toumpanakis D, Kim Y, Usmani OS, 2025,

    Small Airways Disease in Patients With COPD: A Question-and-Answer Approach for Everyday Clinical Practice.

    , Chest

    TOPIC IMPORTANCE: Small airways are recognized as the main site of disease progression and airflow limitation in patients with COPD. Whereas conventional lung function testing, for example spirometry, is nonspecific to small airways disease (SAD), the advent and wider availability of techniques sensitive to SAD, such as oscillometry, has improved our understanding of the clinical importance of small airways dysfunction. Despite this progress, a gap between the recent advances in knowledge of SAD and its implementation in daily clinical practice remains. We aimed to answer key questions that would allow practitioners (eg, family doctors, internists, pulmonologists) to introduce oscillometry into their clinical practice. REVIEW FINDINGS: COPD pathogenesis is characterized by SAD, with an increasing prevalence with more advanced disease. Evaluation of small airways dysfunction with sensitive techniques (eg, oscillometry, nitrogen washout) contributes to early disease detection and plays a significant role in almost every aspect of disease assessment, including confirmation of diagnosis, functional severity grading, and monitoring of lung function decline. Moreover, small airways dysfunction shows equivalent or even better correlation with patient-reported outcomes, including symptoms, quality of life, and exacerbations, compared with conventional lung function testing. This suggests a role for small airways assessment as a treatable trait in COPD to target and monitor therapeutic interventions. SUMMARY: Accumulating evidence and recent advances have delineated the role of small airways assessment in COPD and warrant its implementation in the management plan of patients with COPD in daily clinical practice.
  • Journal article
    Maneechotesuwan K, Assawabhumi J, Chankham J, Kasetsinsombat K, Htwe KSS, Adcock IMet al., 2025,

    Increased eosinophils after oral corticosteroid treatment for asthma exacerbation correlated with longer ER stays and persisting thymic stromal lymphopoietin and increased Park2

    , SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, Vol: 15, ISSN: 2045-2322
  • Conference paper
    Dailey P, Siagat R, Kumar A, Kole T, Nawijn M, Rabe K, Papi A, Brightling C, Singh D, van der Molen T, Kocks J, Adcock I, Zounemat-Kermani N, van den Berge M, Kraft M, Siddiqui Set al., 2025,

    Clinical predictors of asthma remission: A<i> post</i><i> hoc</i> analysis of the ATLANTIS study

    , Publisher: OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC, ISSN: 1088-5412
  • Journal article
    Doe G, Banya W, Edwards G, Topalovic M, El-Emir E, Evans RA, Russell R, Smets E, Van Orshoven K, Sylvester KP, Sunjaya AP, Scott DA, De Vos M, Elmahy A, Taylor SJC, Hutchinson A, Hopkinson NS, Morgan M, Kon SS, Patel S, Jarrold I, Kennington E, Sehdev S, Spain N, Toby Prevost A, Man WD-Cet al., 2025,

    AI-assisted spirometry interpretation in primary care: a randomized controlled trial

    , NEJM AI, Vol: 2, ISSN: 2836-9386

    BackgroundSpirometry quality and confidence in spirometry interpretation are highly variable in primary care, contributing to underdiagnosis, overdiagnosis, and misdiagnosis of chronic respiratory diseases worldwide. Artificial intelligence (AI) decision support software has been shown to improve the accuracy of lung function interpretation in specialist care, but its applicability to primary care remains unknown.MethodsWe conducted a parallel-group, randomized, controlled superiority trial to evaluate whether AI decision support software improves spirometry interpretation performance by primary care clinicians. Clinicians working in primary care who refer for, perform, or interpret spirometry assessed 50 real-world patient spirometry records, providing the most likely diagnosis (“preferred diagnosis”) through an online platform either with (intervention) or without (control) AI decision support software. The primary outcome was the preferred diagnosis prediction performance, measured as the percentage of cases in which the preferred diagnosis agreed with the reference diagnosis predetermined by expert pulmonologists. A planned subgroup analysis focused on cases with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Secondary outcomes were performance in differential diagnosis prediction, technical quality assessment, pattern interpretation, and self-rated confidence in interpretation.ResultsOut of 400 clinicians assessed for eligibility, 234 were randomly assigned, with 133 (57%) completing the assessment (intervention, n=67; control, n=66) — 73% female, 42% general practitioners, and 50% nurses. Compared with the control group, the addition of AI decision support software led to improvements in preferred diagnosis prediction performance in all cases (mean difference, 9.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.5 to 13.3%; P=0.001) and in COPD cases (15.9; 95% CI, 9.0 to 22.7%; P<0.001). Differential diagnosis prediction and technical quali
  • Journal article
    Patrick T, Naidu SB, Bhamani A, Aboelhassan A, Cano S, Belvisi MG, Doffman SR, Janes SM, Hurst JRet al., 2025,

    Supporting clinical trial recruitment in COPD by leveraging lung cancer screening: an observational study

    , ERJ OPEN RESEARCH, Vol: 11
  • Journal article
    Jackson SE, Tattan-Birch H, Hopkinson NS, Brown J, Shahab L, Bunce L, Laverty AA, Arnott Det al., 2025,

    Estimating young adult uptake of smoking by area across the United Kingdom

    , Nicotine and Tobacco Research, Vol: 27, Pages: 1300-1305, ISSN: 1462-2203

    IntroductionThere is majority support in parliament and across the United Kingdom to implement a “smoke-free generation” policy which would mean people born on or after January 1, 2009, could never legally be sold tobacco. To explore the potential impact this policy could have, we estimated the number of young adults (18–25 years) currently taking up smoking each year by area across the United Kingdom.MethodsUsing data from the Office for National Statistics (ONS), Annual Population Survey (APS), and Smoking Toolkit Study (STS), we estimated the total number of 18- to 25-year-olds taking up smoking each year, based on national estimates of population size (ONS) and the proportion who reported ever having regularly smoked (STS). We used local data on adult smoking rates (APS) to apportion the national estimated number of young adults taking up smoking to specific areas.ResultsAround 127 500 18- to 25-year-olds in the United Kingdom start smoking regularly each year (~350 each day); 105 700 each year in England, 11 500 in Scotland, 6500 in Wales, and 3800 in Northern Ireland. Uptake estimates varied across localities: for example, North East Lincolnshire had the highest proportion of young adults taking up smoking each year (3.9%) and Wokingham had the lowest (0.9%).ConclusionsDespite reductions in smoking prevalence over recent decades, hundreds of young adults in the United Kingdom start smoking every day.ImplicationsData on rates of uptake among individual local authorities can be used to focus attention locally prior to the introduction of new age of sale laws.
  • Journal article
    Barnes PJ, 2025,

    Senotherapy for chronic lung disease

    , PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS, Vol: 77, ISSN: 0031-6997
  • Journal article
    Adcock IM, Mumby S, Hansel TT, 2025,

    Identifying allergic and nonallergic type 2 asthma endotypes: Moving beyond blood eosinophil counts and fractional exhaled nitric oxide

    , JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, Vol: 156, Pages: 100-102, ISSN: 0091-6749
  • Journal article
    Singh D, Guller P, Reid F, Doffman S, Seppala U, Psallidas I, Moate R, Smith R, Kiraga J, Jimenez E, Brooks D, Kelly A, Nordenmark LH, Sadiq MW, Caballero LM, Kell C, Belvisi MG, Pandya Het al., 2025,

    A phase 2a trial of the IL-33 monoclonal antibody tozorakimab in patients with COPD: FRONTIER-4

    , EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 66, ISSN: 0903-1936
  • Journal article
    Usmani O, Verbanck S, 2025,

    Structure-function-treatment relationships of aerosol deposition in patients with severe asthma

    , THORAX, Vol: 80, Pages: 410-411, ISSN: 0040-6376
  • Journal article
    Delgado-Ortiz L, Buekers J, Chynkiamis N, Demeyer H, Frei A, Gimeno-Santos E, Hansen C, Hausdorff JM, Hopkinson NS, Jansen C-P, Kirsten A, Koch S, Maetzler W, Megaritis D, Puhan MA, Singleton D, Vogiatzis I, Watz H, Del Din S, Caulfield B, Becker C, Rochester L, Troosters T, Garcia-Aymerich Jet al., 2025,

    How do people with COPD walk? A European study on digitally measured real-world gait

    , EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 66, ISSN: 0903-1936
  • Journal article
    Cucco A, Pearce N, Simpson A, Pembrey L, Mpairwe H, Figueiredo CA, Cooper PJ, Douwes J, Brooks C, Adcock IM, Kermani NZ, Roberts GDM, Murray CS, Custovic A, Fontanella S, WASP Study Group, STELARUNICORN Consortium, U-BIOPRED Consortiumet al., 2025,

    Exploring geographic differences in IgE response through network and manifold analyses.

    , J Allergy Clin Immunol

    BACKGROUND: Component-resolved diagnostics allow detailed assessment of IgE sensitization to multiple allergenic molecules (component-specific IgEs, or c-sIgEs) and may be useful for asthma diagnosis. However, to effectively use component-resolved diagnostics across diverse settings, it is crucial to account for geographic differences. OBJECTIVE: We investigated spatial determinants of c-sIgE networks to facilitate development of diagnostic algorithms applicable globally. METHODS: We used multiplex component-resolved diagnostics array to measure c-sIgE to 112 proteins in an international collaboration of several studies: WASP (World Asthma Phenotypes; United Kingdom, New Zealand, Brazil, Ecuador, and Uganda), U-BIOPRED (Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes; 7 European countries), and MAAS (Manchester Asthma and Allergy Study, a UK population-based birth cohort). Hierarchical clustering on low-dimensional representation of co-occurrence networks ascertained sensitization and c-sigE clusters across populations. Cross-country comparisons focused on a common subset of 18 c-sIgEs. We investigated sensitization networks across regions in relation to asthma severity. RESULTS: Sensitization profiles shared similarities across regions. For 18 c-sIgEs shared across study populations, the response structure enabled differentiation between different geographic areas and study designs, revealing 3 clusters: (1) Uganda, Ecuador, and Brazil, (2) U-BIOPRED children and adults, and (3) New Zealand, United Kingdom, and MAAS. Spectral clustering identified differences between clusters. We observed constant, almost parallel shifts between severe and nonsevere asthma in each country. CONCLUSIONS: Patterns of c-sIgE response reflect geographic location and study design. However, despite geographic differences in c-sIgE networks, there is a remarkably consistent shift between networks of subjects with nonsevere and severe asthma.
  • Journal article
    Liu Y-H, Lee Y-L, Han C-L, Lo Y-C, Liao Z-A, Shih Y-S, Lin Y-W, Peng S-W, Lee K-Y, Ho S-C, Wu S-M, Lin C-W, Chung KF, Chang J-H, Chuang H-Cet al., 2025,

    ITIH4 alleviates OVA-induced asthma by regulating lung-gut microbiota (vol 31,204,2025)

    , MOLECULAR MEDICINE, Vol: 31, ISSN: 1076-1551

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