In this section
@article{Ren:2025:10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104618,
author = {Ren, Y and Huang, M and Liu, G and Zhao, Y and Wu, B and Patel, Y and Cegla, F and Lan, B},
doi = {10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104618},
journal = {Energy Storage Materials},
title = {Decoding coupled mechanical-electrochemical responses in multi-layer batteries via generalized ultrasonic dynamics},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104618},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR
AB - Characterizing and understanding internal battery physics is essential for stability, safety, and recyclability. Ultrasound provides a non-destructive solution by encoding battery dynamics into mechanical waves. However, the complex multi-layer structure and coupled mechanical-electrochemical behaviors of commercial cells hinder standardized and physically interpretable ultrasonic testing. This study presents a unified ultrasonic framework for multi-layer pouch cells, linking wave dynamics to battery structures, materials, and states across frequency and time domains. Inspired by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, we examine structure- and state-waveform relationships of batteries under various excitation conditions, decoding ultrasonic responses related to mechanical and electrochemical factors in a generalizable manner. Using first-principles modeling and frequency sweep experiments, we identify battery-specific frequency bandstructures and wave modulation signatures tied to cell architecture and cathode chemistry, allowing mechanical discrimination of these factors in electrochemically steady states. In-operando tests demonstrate that changes in localized ultrasonic resonance associated with shifting bandstructure can map variations in battery state of charge, with the evolution of anode material stiffness as a key driving mechanism. This work establishes a physics-grounded foundation for understanding wave-battery interactions and is expected to guide the development of high-sensitivity, task-specific tools and diagnostic strategies across the in-laboratory, post-manufacture, and in-service stages of a battery’s lifecycle.
AU - Ren,Y
AU - Huang,M
AU - Liu,G
AU - Zhao,Y
AU - Wu,B
AU - Patel,Y
AU - Cegla,F
AU - Lan,B
DO - 10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104618
PY - 2025///
SN - 2405-8297
TI - Decoding coupled mechanical-electrochemical responses in multi-layer batteries via generalized ultrasonic dynamics
T2 - Energy Storage Materials
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104618
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405829725006166?via%3Dihub
ER -