In this section
@article{Hatton:2025:10.1038/s41597-025-06177-0,
author = {Hatton, L and Staffell, I and Oluleye, G and Jansen, M and Hawkes, A},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-025-06177-0},
journal = {Scientific Data},
title = {Historical and future projected costs of capital for ten energy technologies across 176 countries},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-06177-0},
volume = {12},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR
AB - Accelerating the deployment of clean generation technologies will be key to achieving global climate targets, yet accurately modelling the financial conditions they face is challenging. The cost of capital (or discount rate) is a key input for energy system models, which are used widely to explore future decarbonisation scenarios. Despite its importance, data on the cost of capital is typically outdated, closed-source and geographically concentrated. Even for countries with substantial technology deployment, accessing empirical data can be difficult, leading to the use of standard assumptions in modelling which can substantially bias results (due to the high capital intensity of clean technologies). Here, we provide estimates of the cost of capital for 10 generation technologies at a national level (including solar, wind, bioenergy, and natural gas with carbon capture) for 176 countries, for 2015 to 2030 spanning 27,640 data points. An interactive web tool available at wacc-forecaster.streamlit.app has also been produced to visualise estimates for given years, countries and technologies, making results more accessible to a range of audiences.
AU - Hatton,L
AU - Staffell,I
AU - Oluleye,G
AU - Jansen,M
AU - Hawkes,A
DO - 10.1038/s41597-025-06177-0
PY - 2025///
SN - 2052-4463
TI - Historical and future projected costs of capital for ten energy technologies across 176 countries
T2 - Scientific Data
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-06177-0
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-06177-0
VL - 12
ER -
Climate Science
Earth and Life Sciences
Energy and Low-Carbon Futures
Resources and Pollution
Economics and Finance
Health
View all publications and browse by year
Briefing papers and Briefing notes
Grantham Institute Outlooks
Evidence & submission papers
Infographics
Institute reports and analytics notes
Grantham notes
Collaborative publications
Discussion papers
Institute event overviews
Working papers