Search or filter publications

Filter by type:

Filter by publication type

Filter by year:

to

Results

  • Showing results for:
  • Reset all filters

Search results

  • Journal article
    Kotova L, Costa MM, Jacob D, Hewitt C, Newton P, Garrett N, New S, Parfitt R, Dunbar T, Bessembinder J, Toumi R, Buonocore M, Krzic A, Terrado Met al., 2022,

    Climateurope festival: an innovative way of linking science and society

    , Climate Services, Vol: 26, ISSN: 2405-8807

    The Climateurope Festivals were designed to create synergies between different European, national and international initiatives in the fields of Earth-system modelling & Climate Services and enhance the transfer of information between suppliers and users. It gave an opportunity to display best in class outcomes and engage in world class networking in a less rigid environment than a scientific conference.A number of formats were adopted in the Festival, from traditional impulse talks to innovative interactive sessions, and the thought-provoking discussions allowed the participants to share their experiences and knowledge around the advantages and challenges that Climate Services face within different sectors.Three Climateurope Festivals were originally planned to be held across Europe. Two Festivals were successfully organised, the first in Valencia in 2017, and the second in Belgrade in 2018. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns and travel restrictions, the third and final Festival was held online as a series of virtual web-based Festivals in 2020/2021.The Festivals were highly valued by participants. There was a strong desire by the Climateurope network to continue a science-stakeholder dialogue and make the Climateurope Festivals a regular event.
  • Journal article
    Albrecht T, Bohn PW, Buckingham MA, Cao XE, Chen D, Chen Q, Corva M, Edwards MA, Kamali AR, Kanoufi F, Krause S, Linfield S, Liu X, Ma H, Mao B-W, Pandey P, Tschulik K, Raghu SNV, Walcarius A, Xiao L, Ying Y-Let al., 2022,

    State of the art energy conversion at the nanointerface: general discussion

    , FARADAY DISCUSSIONS, Vol: 233, Pages: 112-121, ISSN: 1359-6640
  • Journal article
    Albrecht T, Cao XE, Chen D, Corva M, Edwards MA, Ewing A, Fornasaro S, Gooding JJ, Gundry L, Hirano-Iwata A, Jeffcoat G, Kamali AR, Kanoufi F, Lemay SG, Limani N, Linfield S, Liu X, Lu S-M, Meloni GN, Tian Z, Tschulik K, Raghu SNV, Wei H, Ying Y-Let al., 2022,

    Electrochemical data mining: from information to knowledge: general discussion

    , FARADAY DISCUSSIONS, Vol: 233, Pages: 58-76, ISSN: 1359-6640
  • Journal article
    Bohn PW, Cao XE, Chang S, Chen D, Confederat S, Duleba D E P, Edwards MA, Ewing A, Gundry L, He J, Kamali AR, Kanoufi F, Kwon S-R, Limani N, Linfield S, Liu X, Long Y-T, Lu S-M, Mao B-W, Minteer S, Pandey P, Ren H, Ross A, Slater B, Unwin P, Vakamulla Raghu SN, Venton J, Walcarius A, Wei H, Wu Y, Xiao L, Xu W, Ying Y-L, Yu P, Zhang Zet al., 2022,

    Advanced nanoelectrochemistry implementation: from concept to application: general discussion.

    , Faraday Discuss, Vol: 233, Pages: 354-373
  • Journal article
    Buckingham MA, Cao XE, Chang S, Chen H-Y, Chen Q, Chinnathambi S, Edwards MA, Fornasaro S, Gooding J, Hill C, Hirano-Iwata A, Kamali AR, Kanoufi F, Krause S, Kurihara K, Lemay SG, Linfield S, Liu X, Long Y-T, Lu S-M, Ma H, Mao B-W, Meloni GN, Menkin S, Minteer S, O'Neill S, Pandey P, Ren H, Slater B, Tian Z, Unwin P, Valavanis D, Walcarius A, Willets KK, Wu Y, Xiao L, Xu W, Yang W, Ying Y-L, Zhang Zet al., 2022,

    Emerging electrochemical methods at the nanointerface: general discussion.

    , Faraday Discuss, Vol: 233, Pages: 257-282
  • Report
    Levey S, Gilbert A, Amer H, Wynton L, Jennings N, Petersen Ket al., 2022,

    Grantham Institute Outlook 2021-2022

    , Grantham Institute Outlook 2021-2022, http://www.imperial.ac.uk/grantham, Publisher: Grantham Institute

    The Grantham Institute's annual Outlook magazine provides an overview of the climate and environmental research and activities underway at Imperial College London, encompassing both recent achievements and future plans.
  • Journal article
    Wang S, Toumi R, 2022,

    More tropical cyclones are striking coasts with major intensities at landfall

    , Scientific Reports, Vol: 12, ISSN: 2045-2322

    In this study we show that the number of annual global tropical cyclone (TC) landfalls with major landfall intensity (LI≥50 m s-1) has nearly doubled from 1982 to 2020. The lifetime maximum intensity (LMI) of global major landfalling TCs has been increasing by 0.8 m s-1 per decade (p<0.05), but this significance of intensity change disappears at landfall (0.3 m s-1 per decade, p=0.69). The lack of a significant LI trend is caused by the much larger variance of LI than that of LMI in all basins and explains why a significant count change of TCs with major intensity at landfall has only now emerged. Basin-wide TC trends of intensity and spatial distribution have been reported, but this long-term major TC landfall count change may be the most socio-economic significant.
  • Report
    Kallitsis E, Lander L, Edge J, Bravo Diaz L, Brown A, Kelsall G, Offer G, Korre Aet al., 2022,

    Safe and sustainable lithium-ion batteries

    , Safe and Sustainable Lithium-ion Batteries, Publisher: Imperial College London - Energy Futures Lab

    The transition to clean energy and electric mobility is driving unprecedented demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This paper investigates the safety and sustainability of LIBs, exploring ways of reducing their impact on the environment and ensuring they do not pose a danger to health of workers or users.
  • Report
    Morris O, Barquín J, Belgrano A, Blanchard J, Bull C, Layer-Dobra K, Lauridsen R, O’Gorman E, Guõbergsson G, Woodward Get al., 2022,

    New strategies for sustainable fisheries management: A case study of Atlantic salmon

    , New strategies for sustainable fisheries management: A case study of Atlantic salmon, http://www.imperial.ac.uk/grantham, Publisher: The Grantham Institute, 37

    This briefing paper considers the alarming declines in fish stocks in recent years, and how holistic, integrated approaches can help manage fish stocks within biologically sustainable limits. Using Atlantic salmon as a case study, the authors highlight the challenges facing fisheries management and conservation, and the implications for policy and management.
  • Journal article
    Lefauve A, Linden PF, 2022,

    Experimental properties of continuously forced, shear-driven, stratified turbulence. Part 1. Mean flows, self-organisation, turbulent fractions

    , JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS, Vol: 937, ISSN: 0022-1120
  • Journal article
    Lefauve A, Linden PF, 2022,

    Experimental properties of continuously forced, shear-driven, stratified turbulence. Part 2. Energetics, anisotropy, parameterisation

    , JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS, Vol: 937, ISSN: 0022-1120
    • Cite
    • Citations: 12
  • Journal article
    Cao XE, Liu X, Zhang Y, 2022,

    Flourishing as international students and scholars in the US

    , Matter, Vol: 5, Pages: 768-771, ISSN: 2590-2393

    International students and scholars in the US face many internal and external challenges: barriers in writing, presentations, and interviews, difficulties in building professional networks, visa and funding restrictions, and ineligibility for many fellowship opportunities. Here, three international students and scholars use first-person narratives to share their unique experiences tackling these challenges. They also suggest what institutions can do to support the international student and scholar community.
  • Journal article
    Wang S, Toumi R, 2022,

    On the intensity decay of tropical cyclones before landfall

    , Scientific Reports, Vol: 12, ISSN: 2045-2322

    It remains unclear how tropical cyclones (TCs) decay from their ocean lifetime maximum intensity (LMI) to landfall intensity (LI), yet this stage is of fundamental importance governing the socio-economic impact of TCs. Here we show that TCs decay on average by 25% from LMI to LI. A logistic decay model of energy production by ocean enthalpy input and surface dissipation by frictional drag, can physically connect the LMI to LI. The logistic model fits the observed intensity decay as well as an empirically exponential decay does, but with a clear physical foundation. The distance between locations of LMI and TC landfall is found to dominate the variability of the decay from the LMI to LI, whereas environmental conditions are generally less important. A major TC at landfall typically has a very large LMI close to land. The LMI depends on the heating by ocean warming, but the LMI location is also important to future landfall TC intensity changes which are of socio-economic importance.
  • Journal article
    Cao XE, Sun W, 2022,

    Standardization, accreditation, and real-world implementation of photothermal CO2 catalysis

    , Chem Catalysis, Vol: 2, Pages: 218-220, ISSN: 2667-1107

    In this activity article, Xiangkun Elvis Cao, impact fellow at MIT Climate & Sustainability Consortium, and Wei Sun, research-stream professor at Zhejiang University, discuss the need for standardization and accreditation to accelerate photothermal CO<inf>2</inf> catalysis research as well as the opportunities and challenges in its real-world implementation.
  • Journal article
    Sun W, Cao XE, 2022,

    Photothermal CO2 catalysis: From catalyst discovery to reactor design

    , Chem Catalysis, Vol: 2, Pages: 215-217, ISSN: 2667-1107

    In this activity, Wei Sun, research-stream professor at Zhejiang University, and Xiangkun Elvis Cao, impact fellow at MIT Climate & Sustainability Consortium, exchange views on academic and industrial considerations on the two vital elements of the advanced technology for photothermal CO<inf>2</inf> catalysis, i.e., catalyst discovery and reactor design.
  • Journal article
    Buizza C, Casas CQ, Nadler P, Mack J, Marrone S, Titus Z, Le Cornec C, Heylen E, Dur T, Ruiz LB, Heaney C, Lopez JAD, Kumar KSS, Arcucci Ret al., 2022,

    Data Learning: Integrating Data Assimilation and Machine Learning

    , JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE, Vol: 58, ISSN: 1877-7503
    • Cite
    • Citations: 72
  • Journal article
    Cao XE, Ongagna-Yhombi SY, Wang R, Ren Y, Srinivasan B, Hayden JA, Zhao Z, Erickson D, Mehta Set al., 2022,

    A diagnostic platform for rapid, simultaneous quantification of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in human serum.

    , EBioMedicine, Vol: 76

    BACKGROUND: Early and accurate determination of bacterial infections as a potential cause for a patient's systemic inflammatory response is required for timely administration of appropriate treatment and antibiotic stewardship. Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have both been used as biomarkers to infer bacterial infections, particularly in the context of sepsis. There is an urgent need to develop a platform for simultaneous quantification of PCT and CRP, to enable the potential use of these biomarkers at the point-of-care. METHODS: A multiplexed lateral flow assay (LFA) and a fluorescence optical reader were developed. Assay performance was validated by testing spiked antigens in the buffer, followed by a validation study comparing results with conventional assays (Roche Cobas e411 Elecsys PCT and Siemens ADVIA XPT CRP) in 25 archived remnant human serum samples. FINDINGS: A linear regression correlation of 0·97 (P < 0·01) was observed for PCT, and a correlation of 0·95 (P < 0·01) was observed for CRP using direct patient samples. We also validated our platform's ability to accurately quantify high-dose CRP in the hook effect range where excess unlabeled analytes occupy binding sites at test lines. INTERPRETATION: A fluorescence reader-based duplex LFA for simultaneous quantification of PCT and CRP was developed and successfully validated with clinical samples. The rapid, portable, and low-cost nature of the platform offers potential for differentiation of bacterial and viral infections in emergency and low-resource settings at the point-of-care. FUNDING: NIH/NIBIB Award 1R01EB021331, and Academic Venture Fund from the Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future at Cornell University.
  • Report
    Trask A, Hanna R, Rhodes A, 2022,

    The future of home heating: The roles of heat pumps and hydrogen

    , The Future of Home Heating: The Roles of Heat Pumps and Hydrogen

    In this Briefing Paper, the prospectsfor the future of home heating areanalysed with specific reference toheat pumps and hydrogen heating.The report is based on extensiveliterature surrounding the topic ofdecarbonisation of the heat sectorin the UK and will discuss thevarious advantages, challenges, andtechnicalities surrounding the twotechnologies. The evidence gatheredand discussed culminates in a set ofrecommendations that prioritise keyareas that require addressing overthe course of the next decade.
  • Journal article
    Konstantinoudis G, Cameletti M, Gómez-Rubio V, León Gómez I, Pirani M, Baio G, Larrauri A, Riou J, Egger M, Vineis P, Blangiardo Met al., 2022,

    Regional excess mortality during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic in five European countries

    , Nature Communications, Vol: 13, Pages: 1-11, ISSN: 2041-1723

    The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on excess mortality from all causes in 2020 varied across and within European countries. Using data for 2015-2019, we applied Bayesian spatio-temporal models to quantify the expected weekly deaths at the regional level had the pandemic not occurred in England, Greece, Italy, Spain, and Switzerland. With around 30%, Madrid, Castile-La Mancha, Castile-Leon (Spain) and Lombardia (Italy) were the regions with the highest excess mortality. In England, Greece and Switzerland, the regions most affected were Outer London and the West Midlands (England), Eastern, Western and Central Macedonia (Greece), and Ticino (Switzerland), with 15-20% excess mortality in 2020. Our study highlights the importance of the large transportation hubs for establishing community transmission in thefirst stages of the pandemic. Here, we show that acting promptly to limit transmission around these hubs is essential to prevent spread to other regions and countries.
  • Journal article
    Vonrueti N, Rao R, Giordano L, Shao-Horn Y, Aschauer Uet al., 2022,

    Implications of Nonelectrochemical Reaction Steps on the Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Oxygen Dimer Formation on Perovskite Oxide and Oxynitride Surfaces

    , ACS CATALYSIS, Vol: 12, Pages: 1433-1442, ISSN: 2155-5435
  • Working paper
    Konstantinoudis G, Gómez-Rubio V, Cameletti M, Pirani M, Baio G, Blangiardo Met al., 2022,

    A framework for estimating and visualising excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    , Publisher: arXiv

    COVID-19 related deaths underestimate the pandemic burden on mortality because they suffer from completeness and accuracy issues. Excess mortality is a popular alternative, as it compares observed with expected deaths based on the assumption that the pandemic did not occur. Expected deaths had the pandemic not occurred depend on population trends, temperature, and spatio-temporal patterns. In addition to this, high geographical resolution is required to examine within country trends and the effectiveness of the different public health policies. In this tutorial, we propose a framework using R to estimate and visualise excess mortality at high geographical resolution. We show a case study estimating excess deaths during 2020 in Italy. The proposed framework is fast to implement and allows combining different models and presenting the results in any age, sex, spatial and temporal aggregation desired. This makes it particularly powerful and appealing for online monitoring of the pandemic burden and timely policy making.
  • Journal article
    Zhou Z, Liu L, Liu X, Zhou Y, Li C, Peng D, Xu J, Wang C, Cao XEet al., 2022,

    Direct combustion of wet/dry solution-impregnated cigarette butts for nano-FeOx synthesis: Effects of combustion conditions and NO reduction ability

    , Colloids and Interface Science Communications, Vol: 46

    Cigarette butts (CBs) were used to synthesize nano-FeOx following a facile and rapid route. This method involves the impregnation of a nitrate solution with CBs and the adsorption of the precursors on the CBs. The wet or dried impregnated CBs were burned under the smoldering or flaming combustion mode to obtain nano-FeOx. This method differs from the cellulose-assisted combustion method as pure organic fuels are not used during the process. Excess energy is required for the sustenance of the combustion of impregnated CB, while the method of combustion of activated cellulose papers is self-sustaining. The physical and chemical characteristics of the nano-FeOx particles were determined under the combustion modes and whether they were dried or not. Flaming combustion of dry-impregnated CB could prepare nano-FeOx with good crystallization, while smoldering of wet-impregnated CB led to good low-temperature redox activities.
  • Journal article
    Rai U, Oluleye G, Hawkes A, 2022,

    An optimisation model to determine the capacity of a distributed energy resource to contract with a balancing services aggregator

    , Applied Energy, Vol: 306, Pages: 1-22, ISSN: 0306-2619

    Electricity systems require a real-time balance between generation and demand for electricity. In the past, changing the output of larger generators has been the primary means of achieving this balance, but more recently, smaller distributed energy resources (DERs) are becoming a contributor. As electricity generation becomes more intermittent due to the uptake of renewables, the task of balancing the electricity system is becoming more challenging. As such, there will be a greater need for DERs for grid balancing in future. DERs may be delivered via aggregators for this purpose, where several individual resources are grouped to be traded in contracts with a System Operator (SO). This paper presents a novel framework for DERs aggregators to determine by optimisation the capacity of a generating unit to contract with the SO, using mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP). Results show the site revenue increases between 6.2% and 29.8% compared to the heuristic approach previously employed. Sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the impact of temporal resolution of demand characterisation on results, showing that increased resolution improves accuracy significantly, and reduces the estimate of capacity that the site should contract with the aggregator.
  • Journal article
    Murguía Burton ZF, Cao XE, 2022,

    Navigating mental health challenges in graduate school.

    , Nat Rev Mater, Vol: 7, Pages: 421-423, ISSN: 2058-8437

    Many graduate students experience mental health struggles that lead them to question their place in academia. Two scientists who experienced extreme lows in graduate school reflect on what helped them during their low points, and suggest strategies for everyone to contribute to mentally healthier workplaces in academia.
  • Journal article
    Katayama Y, Kubota R, Rao RR, Hwang J, Giordano L, Morinaga A, Okanishi T, Muroyama H, Matsui T, Shao-Horn Y, Eguchi Ket al., 2021,

    Direct Observation of Surface-Bound Intermediates During Methanol Oxidation on Platinum Under Alkaline Conditions

    , JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C, Vol: 125, Pages: 26321-26331, ISSN: 1932-7447
    • Cite
    • Citations: 16
  • Journal article
    Cao XE, 2021,

    Running a Muddy Road Lit by Burning Straw.

    , Anal Chem, Vol: 93, Pages: 15803-15804
  • Journal article
    Heydari S, Konstantinoudis G, Behsoodi AW, 2021,

    Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on bike-sharing demand and hire time: Evidence from Santander Cycles in London

    , PLOS ONE, Vol: 16, ISSN: 1932-6203
  • Journal article
    Corby S, Rao R, Steier L, Durrant Jet al., 2021,

    The kinetics of metal oxide photoanodesfrom charge generation to catalysis

    , Nature Reviews Materials, Vol: 6, Pages: 1136-1155, ISSN: 2058-8437

    Generating charge carriers with lifetimes long enough to drive catalysis is a critical aspect for both photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic systems and a key determinant of their efficiency. This review addresses the charge carrier dynamics underlying the performance of metal oxides as photoanodes and their ability to drive photoelectrochemical water oxidation, alongside wider comparison with metal oxide function in photocatalytic and electrocatalytic systems. We start by highlighting the disparity between the ps–ns lifetimes of electron and holes photoexcited in bulk metal oxides versus the ms –s timescale of water oxidation catalysis. We go onto review recent literature of the dominant kinetic processes determining photoanode performance, namely charge generation, polaron formation and charge trapping, bulk and surface recombination, charge separation and extraction, and finally the kinetics of water oxidation catalysis. With each topic, we review current understanding and note areas of remaining uncertainty or controversy. We discuss the potential for material selection and examine approaches such as doping, nanostructuring, junction formation and/or co-catalyst deposition to enhance performance. Critically, we examine how such performance enhancements can be understood from analyses of carrier dynamics and propose design guidelines for further material or device optimisation.
  • Journal article
    Bozal-Ginesta C, Rao RR, Mesa CA, Liu X, Hillman SAJ, Stephens IEL, Durrant JRet al., 2021,

    Redox-state kinetics in water-oxidation IrOx electrocatalysts measured by operando spectroelectrochemistry

    , ACS Catalysis, Vol: 11, Pages: 15013-15025, ISSN: 2155-5435

    Hydrous iridium oxides (IrOx) are the best oxygen evolution electrocatalysts available for operation in acidic environments. In this study, we employ time-resolved operando spectroelectrochemistry to investigate the redox-state kinetics of IrOx electrocatalyst films for both water and hydrogen peroxide oxidation. Three different redox species involving Ir3+, Ir3.x+, Ir4+, and Ir4.y+ are identified spectroscopically, and their concentrations are quantified as a function of applied potential. The generation of Ir4.y+ states is found to be the potential-determining step for catalytic water oxidation, while H2O2 oxidation is observed to be driven by the generation of Ir4+ states. The reaction kinetics for water oxidation, determined from the optical signal decays at open circuit, accelerates from ∼20 to <0.5 s with increasing applied potential above 1.3 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode [i.e., turnover frequencies (TOFs) per active Ir state increasing from 0.05 to 2 s–1]. In contrast, the reaction kinetics for H2O2 is found to be almost independent of the applied potential (increasing from 0.1 to 0.3 s–1 over a wider potential window), indicative of a first-order reaction mechanism. These spectroelectrochemical data quantify the increase of both the density of active Ir4.y+ states and the TOFs of these states with applied positive potential, resulting in the observed sharp turn on of catalytic water oxidation current. We reconcile these data with the broader literature while providing a unique kinetic insight into IrOx electrocatalytic reaction mechanisms, indicating a first-order reaction mechanism for H2O2 oxidation driven by Ir4+ states and a higher-order reaction mechanism involving the cooperative interaction of multiple Ir4.y+ states for water oxidation.
  • Journal article
    Stevenson S, Collins A, Jennings N, Koberle AC, Laumann F, Laverty AA, Vineis P, Woods J, Gambhir Aet al., 2021,

    A hybrid approach to identifying and assessing interactions between climate action (SDG13) policies and a range of SDGs in a UK context (vol 2, 43, 2021)

    , DISCOVER SUSTAINABILITY, Vol: 2

This data is extracted from the Web of Science and reproduced under a licence from Thomson Reuters. You may not copy or re-distribute this data in whole or in part without the written consent of the Science business of Thomson Reuters.

Request URL: http://www.imperial.ac.uk:80/respub/WEB-INF/jsp/search-t4-html.jsp Request URI: /respub/WEB-INF/jsp/search-t4-html.jsp Query String: id=1323&limit=30&resgrpMemberPubs=true&page=11&respub-action=search.html Current Millis: 1768546356703 Current Time: Fri Jan 16 06:52:36 GMT 2026

View publications by:

Topic

Climate Science
Earth and Life Sciences
Energy and Low-Carbon Futures
Resources and Pollution
Economics and Finance
Health

View all publications and browse by year

Publication type

Briefing papers and Briefing notes
Grantham Institute Outlooks
Evidence & submission papers
Infographics
Institute reports and analytics notes
Grantham notes
Collaborative publications
Discussion papers
Institute event overviews
Working papers

Academic publications

Search our academic publications

Sign up to the Grantham Institute newsletter