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@article{Sivananthan:2021:10.1007/s00464-021-08556-1,
author = {Sivananthan, A and Kogkas, A and Glover, B and Darzi, A and Mylonas, G and Patel, N},
doi = {10.1007/s00464-021-08556-1},
journal = {SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES},
pages = {4890--4899},
title = {A novel gaze-controlled flexible robotized endoscope; preliminary trial and report},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00464-021-08556-1},
volume = {35},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR
AB - BackgroundInterventional endoluminal therapy is rapidly advancing as a minimally invasive surgical technique. The expanding remit of endoscopic therapy necessitates precision control. Eye tracking is an emerging technology which allows intuitive control of devices. This was a feasibility study to establish if a novel eye gaze-controlled endoscopic system could be used to intuitively control an endoscope.MethodsAn eye gaze-control system consisting of eye tracking glasses, specialist cameras and a joystick was used to control a robotically driven endoscope allowing steering, advancement, withdrawal and retroflexion. Eight experienced and eight non-endoscopists used both the eye gaze system and a conventional endoscope to identify ten targets in two simulated environments: a sphere and an upper gastrointestinal (UGI) model.Completion of tasks was timed. Subjective feedback was collected from each participant on task load (NASA Task Load Index) and acceptance of technology (Van der Laan scale).ResultsWhen using gaze-control endoscopy, non-endoscopists were significantly quicker when using gaze-control rather than conventional endoscopy (sphere task 3:54 ± 1:17 vs. 9:05 ± 5:40 min, p = 0.012, and UGI model task 1:59 ± 0:24 vs 3:45 ± 0:53 min, p < .001).Non-endoscopists reported significantly higher NASA-TLX workload total scores using conventional endoscopy versus gaze-control (80.6 ± 11.3 vs 22.5 ± 13.8, p < .001). Endoscopists reported significantly higher total NASA-TLX workload scores using gaze control versus conventional endoscopy (54.2 ± 16 vs 26.9 ± 15.3, p = 0.012). All subjects reported that the gaze-control had positive ‘usefulness’ and ‘satisfaction’ score of 0.56 ± 0.83 and 1.43 &
AU - Sivananthan,A
AU - Kogkas,A
AU - Glover,B
AU - Darzi,A
AU - Mylonas,G
AU - Patel,N
DO - 10.1007/s00464-021-08556-1
EP - 4899
PY - 2021///
SN - 0930-2794
SP - 4890
TI - A novel gaze-controlled flexible robotized endoscope; preliminary trial and report
T2 - SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00464-021-08556-1
UR - http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000653625300003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00464-021-08556-1
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/90425
VL - 35
ER -
