
Tailor your learning with electives
Tailor your learning to meet your career ambitions and match your interests through a choice of electives. You will take four electives (if you undertake the Applied Project), or three electives (if you undertake the Research Project), from the following elective modules. All students are required to take at least one key elective.
Key electives
This module aims to provide students with more advanced tools of time series and econometrics than the Financial Statistics module. Applications to asset pricing and risk management will also be covered.
If you aspire to be a quantitative analyst in the equity derivative area, this elective is a must. It will challenge you to expand your knowledge beyond the Black-Scholes model and apply quantitative tools to the pricing of exotic options. The elective also introduces some of the more technical and theoretical aspects of option pricing.
This module provides insight into financial trading strategies from an industry practitioner’s perspective. The module covers the wide spectrum of strategies across asset classes and hedge fund styles with an emphasis on investment /arbitrage opportunity and risk management. The module also includes quantitative pricing models with backtesting in Python across different market regimes. The module aims to study trading strategies in a non-technical intuitive manner using a “first principles” approach.
In this elective you will analyse banks’ main risks and activities on both their assets and liabilities, including off-balance sheet risks and financial globalisation, with special emphasis on the effects and implications of bank regulation and monetary policy. You will also study issues such as the determinants and consequences of financial crises and come to understand interactions between financial globalisation and banks.
Over the past few years, there has been an explosion of interest in the use of large datasets and new empirical techniques to make financial decisions of all kinds. In this elective we examine how the combination of large datasets, empirical techniques including machine learning, and insights from behavioural finance are helping in making more efficient financial decisions. Two areas in which progress has been especially rapid are credit analytics (predicting default in personal loans, mortgages, and firms) and asset management. This elective focuses on these specific markets, considering them from supply, demand, and regulatory perspectives. You will build empirical models to illustrate important concepts throughout the elective.
Fixed income securities make up a very substantial proportion of all investments and financing strategies in today’s financial markets. The need to price and hedge this array of products accurately has led to a prolific literature in the area. The module covers the main continuous-time term structure models and valuation techniques.
Foreign exchange (FX) is not only the most heavily traded of all financial assets, it has the clearest interface between macroeconomics and finance. This module will introduce you to the main theoretical models used to understand FX markets as well as an in-depth analysis of their work.
This course focusses on methods for quantitatively analysing text data, such as newspaper articles, social media posts, political speeches, and company product descriptions. The amount and availability of such data is growing rapidly, and extracting valuable information from it is an important challenge. In recent years, numerous machine learning methods have been developed for text. This course will introduce students to these methods, but of equal importance will be to discuss their application to problems in economics and finance.
This is an advanced elective in investments and portfolio management. You will discuss the key trading strategies used by hedge funds and demystify the secret world of active investing. The elective combines the latest research with real-world examples and explores several different strategies in depth, including fundamental tools for investment management, dynamic portfolio choice, equity strategies, macro strategies, yield curve logic and arbitrage strategies.
This module aims to introduce you to areas of financial planning that are more specific to private wealth management. It will introduce you to the types of client, and their respective investment needs and look at issues such as succession planning and multi-jurisdiction tax planning. Finally it examines the role of alternative investments (hedge funds, real estate and private equity) in building a diversified investment strategy.
Other electives
This elective addresses the value creation process and examines the validity and limits of value creation in the context of corporate restructuring. You will analyse traditional valuation models and combine different pricing frameworks in valuing a number of entities with different investment and financing characteristics.
The elective is highly participative and the extensive use of real-world cases guides you through the theory and application of valuation models highlighting their strengths and weaknesses.
Big Data in Finance II builds on and complements insights from Big Data in Finance I. The module will focus on three key techniques in Big Data analysis and machine learning, and their applications to finance. First, we explore unsupervised machine learning models (e.g. clustering algorithms) and their applications to recommendation algorithms in finance. Second, expanding the introductory material on neural networks in Big Data in Finance I, the module will develop this material further to cover Deep Learning techniques, which will then, as in Big Data in Finance I, be applied to credit scoring and/or portfolio choice problems. Third, the module will introduce and discuss reinforcement learning models, with potential applications to portfolio selection and trading strategies.
This module will first provide an overall review and estimates of global climate finance requirements based on a range of sources going from global estimates to national, sectoral and project levels. The module looks at different types of climate mitigation and adaptation projects to understand how they address specific climate challenges. Looking at the range of financing instruments including both traditional and innovative instruments for large and small projects. The module will include a review of financing sources, both private and public, the project cycle and complementary activities to financing such as policy advice and technical assistance.
This module introduces students to those skills by examining the entire deal making process: from the initial stage of identifying a suitable target to undertaking due diligence on it, and from the legal structuring of a transaction to how its terms are both negotiated and then documented. Best practice and common pitfalls to avoid are explored. The module is heavily focused on “how to” make a deal happen.
The objective of the module is threefold. First, to give students an introduction to current corporate governance practice. The main issues in corporate governance and stewardship that are discussed among policymakers, corporations, investors and scholars from law, finance and economics will also be covered. The topics will be discussed from an international comparative perspective. Second, to familiarize students with analytical tools used by corporate governance analysts. Third, to illustrate how practical corporate governance and stewardship challenges, like crises, mismanagement or activist shareholder interventions can be addressed and resolved.
The course will introduce some basic economic concepts and tools for analysing the interplay of conflicting interests of management, the board, different types of shareholders and other interested parties; in particular, agency theory and the economics of financial contracting. Empirical tools include event study analyses, regression discontinuity design (RDD) and metrics of firm performance (Q, returns, etc.).
This elective provides you with a broad perspective of credit risk. You will study how to assess credit risk associated with individual exposures, and discuss major literature in the field and some related applications. The elective also covers aspects of univariate or single-exposure risk and investigates the pricing of defaultable bonds and single named credit derivatives.
Entrepreneurial Finance is designed primarily for students who plan to get involved with a new venture at some point in their career - as a founder, early employee, advisor or investor. This elective is also appropriate for students interested in gaining a broader view of the financing landscape for young firms, going beyond the basics of venture capital and angel financing.
Entrepreneurial Finance introduces students to the myriad complexities of evaluating and financing young, high potential ventures, with specific introduction of frameworks, tools, deal terms, and varying sources of capital. Through a combination of lectures, case studies, and mock negotiations, this course will help demystify the fund-raising process by addressing key questions facing all entrepreneurs: When should I raise money? How much? From whom? Under what terms? And what are the longer-term implications of my chosen financing strategy?
This elective offers a series of topics on fintech innovation including block chain and its applications, digital payments and financial inclusion, and technology and infrastructure solutions.
This module provides an introduction to the main issues involved in insurance markets. Issues covered include the drivers of demand and supply for general insurance and life insurance, the limits of insurability and how scoring and auditing can help insurers to fight claims fraud.
This elective will enable you to master advanced machine learning techniques, to handle noisy datasets and extract value from them. We will go together through a large variety of methodologies : supervised learning, HMM, LSTM, etc. In the end, the objective is that you become practitioners in the field, able to tackle decision making challenges related finance, using quantitative and qualitative data.
Trading is a crucial part of the investment process, The topic of the module is liquidity and price formation on securities markets
This elective allows you to apply key principles of private equity and venture capital to the financing of leveraged buyouts and early-stage ventures. The elective teaches students how to apply what they have learned in class to real life work situations by inviting inspiring speakers to present on campus throughout the module. The guest speakers come from various areas in the industry and discuss how they make transactions in real-life and what their roles entail on a daily basis.
"I have acquired a strong basis of Private Equity & Venture Capital and a comprehensive view on the topic. I learned that it’s not always a matter of technical skills in this field but that the human element is very important." Maria Vittoria Moschini, MSc Finance & Accounting 2018
This elective is an introduction to real estate investment analysis from the perspective of an investor. It emphasises both the teaching of the theory of real estate investment and real estate markets as well as teaching the practical methods and their implementation as used in a modern professional investment context.
This elective provides an in-depth analysis of credit and equity derivative products. We focus on corporate derivatives and cover the most important products, which serve as building blocks for structuring customised and sophisticated products.
Explore current developments and trends in sustainable finance & investment, with a special focus on capital markets, institutional investment and emerging markets.
Global Immersion
The Global Immersion will give you a chance to experience first-hand the social and cultural dynamics of business in another country. The tour will consist of a number of visits to different companies across a range of industry sectors, as well as social and cultural activities. Offering excellent networking opportunities, you will travel with students from other programmes across the Business School.
This international elective allows you to experience finance in a different economy. It is taught in two parts with the first part delivered online and the second part is an international study trip. Traditional lectures will be complemented by guest speakers, company visits and experiential learning activities. Our cohort will travel to Singapore for an intensive study experience.
There will be an additional cost for taking this elective, which is reviewed on an annual basis.
This elective offers an introduction to analytical techniques and quantitative methods relevant for algorithmic trading. Topics include the basics of automated execution, pairs trading and long-short equity trading strategies. The elective is taught in two parts with the first part delivered online and the second part is an international study trip. Traditional lectures are complemented by guest speakers, company visits and experiential learning activities. Our cohort will travel to New York for an intensive study experience.
There will be an additional cost for taking this elective, which is reviewed on an annual basis.
Electives available and module outlines are subject to change. Imperial College Business School reserves the right to alter modules whenever they need to be amended or improved. Faculty may also change as and when required.