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  • Conference paper
    Markall GR, Rathgeber F, Mitchell L, Loriant N, Bertolli C, Kelly PHJ, Markall G, Rathgeber F, Ham D, Loriant N, Mitchell L, Bertolli C, Kelly Pet al., 2013,

    Performance-Portable Finite Element Assembly Using PyOP2 and FEniCS

    , International Supercomputing Conference (ISC), Publisher: Springer, Pages: 279-289, ISSN: 0302-9743

    We describe a toolchain that provides a fully automated compilation pathway from a finite element domain-specific language to low-level code for multicore and GPGPU platforms. We demonstrate that the generated code exceeds the performance of the best available alternatives, without requiring manual tuning or modification of the generated code. The toolchain can easily be integrated with existing finite element solvers, providing a means to add performance portable methods without having to rebuild an entire complex implementation from scratch.
  • Journal article
    Ferguson DJ, Maclennan J, Bastow ID, Pyle D, Jones SM, Keir D, Blundy DJ, Plank T, Yirgu Get al., 2013,

    Melting during late-stage rifting in Afar is hot and deep

    , Nature, Vol: 499, Pages: 70-74, ISSN: 0028-0836

    Investigations of a variety of continental rifts and margins worldwide have revealed that a considerable volume of melt can intrude into the crust during continental breakup(1-8), modifying its composition and thermal structure. However, it is unclear whether the cause of voluminous melt production at volcanic rifts is primarily increased mantle temperature or plate thinning(1,2,8-12). Also disputed is the extent to which plate stretching or thinning is uniform or varies with depth with the entire continental lithospheric mantle potentially being removed before plate rupture(13-16). Here we show that the extensive magmatism during rifting along the southern Red Sea rift in Afar, a unique region of sub-aerial transition from continental to oceanic rifting, is driven by deep melting of hotter-than-normal asthenosphere. Petrogenetic modelling shows that melts are predominantly generated at depths greater than 80 kilometres, implying the existence of a thick upper thermo-mechanical boundary layer in a rift system approaching the point of plate rupture. Numerical modelling of rift development shows that when breakup occurs at the slow extension rates observed in Afar, the survival of a thick plate is an inevitable consequence of conductive cooling of the lithosphere, even when the underlying asthenosphere is hot. Sustained magmatic activity during rifting in Afar thus requires persistently high mantle temperatures, which would allow melting at high pressure beneath the thick plate. If extensive plate thinning does occur during breakup it must do so abruptly at a late stage, immediately before the formation of the new ocean basin(16).
  • Journal article
    Todman LC, Ireson AM, Butler AP, Templeton MRet al., 2013,

    Modelling vapor flow from a pervaporative irrigation system

    , Vadose Zone Journal
  • Conference paper
    Hannon MJ, Bolton RPG, 2013,

    More than just business? Local Authority engagement with the Energy Service Company (ESCo) business model and implications for UK energy system change

    , Urban energy governances, North and South; International roundtable seminar
  • Report
    Hannon MJ, 2013,

    UKERC Energy Research Atlas: Socio-Economic Issues
  • Conference paper
    Vire A, Xiang J, Piggott M, Spinneken J, Pain Cet al., 2013,

    Numerical Modelling of Fluid-structure Interactions for Floating Wind Turbine Foundations

    , Twenty-third International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Pages: 377-382

    The aim of this study is to model the interactions between fluids and solids using fully nonlinear models. Non-linearity is important in the context of floating wind turbines, for example, to model breaking waves impacting on the structure and the effect of the solid’s elasticity. In this work, the fluid- and solid-dynamics equations are solved using separate finite-element models, which are coupled at every time step. This enables the mutual interactions between fluids and moving solids to be modelled. Importantly, the coupling algorithm ensures that the action-reaction principle is satisfied at a discrete level, independently of the order of representation of the discrete fields in each model. To the authors’ knowledge, the present algorithm is novel in that it can simultaneously handle (i) non-matching fluid and solid meshes, (ii) different polynomial orders of the basis functions on each mesh, and (iii) different fluid and solid time steps. Results are shown for: (i) a bottom-mounted pile subjected to small-amplitude waves in a numerical wave tank, and (ii) a truncated pile floating at an interface between air and water.
  • Book chapter
    Slade R, Bauen A, 2013,

    Biomass use on a global scale

    , Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, Publisher: Springer
  • Book chapter
    St John FAV, Keane AM, Milner-Gulland EJ, 2013,

    Effective conservation depends on understanding human behaviour

    , Key Topics in Conservation Biology 2, Editors: Macdonald, Willis, Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, ISBN: 978-0-470-65875-8
  • Conference paper
    Bell RE, Jackson CA-L, Elliott G, Gawthorpe RL, Michelsen L, Sharp IRet al., 2013,

    Reconstructing rift geometry to gain insights into major unconformity development associated with Late Jurassic rifting in the Halten Terrace, offshore Norway

    , 30th IAS Meeting of Sedimentology
  • Conference paper
    Bell RE, Morgan JV, Warner M, 2013,

    Recovering physical property information from subduction plate boundaries using 3D full-waveform seismic inversion

    , AGU Fall Meeting
  • Conference paper
    Wilson DJ, McNeill LC, Henstock T, Westbrook GK, Bangs NL, Tobin HJ, Moore GF, Pickering KT, Saffer DM, Bell RE, Sutherland R, Henrys SAet al., 2013,

    Along-strike and down-dip variations in décollement physical properties relative to input parameters

    , AGU Fall Meeting
  • Conference paper
    Nixon CW, McNeill LC, Henstock T, Bull JM, Bell RE, Christodoulou D, Papatheodorou G, Taylor B, Ferentinos G, Sakellariou D, Lykousis V, Sachpazi M, Ford M, Goodliffe AM, Leeder M, Gawthorpe RL, Collier RE, Clements Bet al., 2013,

    Basin evolution, organization of faulting and the distribution of displacement within the Gulf of Corinth rift

    , AGU Fall Meeting
  • Journal article
    Rognes ME, Ham DA, Cotter CJ, McRae ATTet al., 2013,

    Automating the solution of PDEs on the sphere and other manifolds in FEniCS 1.2

    , Geoscientific Model Development, Vol: 6, Pages: 2099-2119
  • Conference paper
    Cicciotti M, Geist S, Schild A, Martinez-Botas RF, Romagnoli A, Thornhill NFet al., 2013,

    Systematic one zone meanline modelling of centrifugal compressors for industrial online applications

    , ASME Turbo Expo 2013, San Antonio, Texas, June 3-7 2013, paper GT2013/95821

    For developing model-based online applications such as condition monitoring and condition-based maintenance or real-time optimization, highly representative and yet simple physical models of centrifugal compressors are necessary. Previous investigations have shown that in this context meanline models represent a valid alternative to the commonly used empirical based modelling methodologies such as polynomial regression models or artificial neural networks. This paper provides a methodology for tailoring meanline models to multistage centrifugal compressors by appropriate selection and adaptation of loss correlations. Guidelines for the selection of the boundary conditions are also provided. The potential of the methodology is demonstrated in the Proof-of-concept section using two sets of data obtained from an air multistage centrifugal compressor operated in BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany. The first set of data was used to calibrate the model whereas the second one was used for validation. The model results show that the predictions of stagnation temperature and pressure at the outlet of the stage deviate from the measurements respectively 0.15-3% and of 0.66-1.1% respectively. The results are discussed in the current paper. Copyright © 2013 by ASME.
  • Journal article
    Shevchenko I, Kaltenbacher M, Wohlmuth B, 2013,

    Absorbing boundary conditions for a wave equation with a temperature dependent speed of sound

    , J. Comput. Acoust., Vol: 21, Pages: 1-20
  • Journal article
    Vaik I, Paal G, Kaltenbacher M, Triebenbacher S, Becker S, Shevchenko Iet al., 2013,

    Aeroacoustics of the edge tone: 2D-3D coupling between CFD and CAA

    , Acta. Acust. United Ac., Vol: 99, Pages: 245-259
  • Journal article
    Sule MN, Jiang J, Templeton MR, Huth E, Brant J, Bond Tet al., 2013,

    Salt rejection and water flux through a tubular pervaporative polymer membrane designed for irrigation applications

    , Environmental Technology, Vol: 34, Pages: 1329-1339
  • Software
    AMCG, 2013,

    Fluidity/The Imperial College Ocean Model
  • Report
    McIntyre N, Ballard C, Park JS, Henshaw A, Pagella T, Dangerfield S, Ewen J, Bulygina N, Marshall M, Reynolds B, Wheater H, O’Donnell G, Jackson B, O’Connell E, Thorne C, Cluckie I, Sinclair Fet al., 2012,

    Land use management effects on flood flows – guidance on prediction
  • Journal article
    Tong D, Trusler JPM, Maitland GC, Gibbins J, Fennell PSet al., 2012,

    Solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous solution of monoethanolamine or 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol: Experimental measurements and modelling

    , International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol: 6, Pages: 37-47

    Despite the importance of the accurate measurement of vapour–liquid equilibria (VLE) data, the reported values, even for well-studied systems such as MEA–H2O–CO2, are scattered. This work centres on the development of an experimental method to measure accurately the VLE of various aqueous amine systems. A static-analytic type of VLE apparatus has been constructed and employed to measure the VLE of CO2 in aqueous monoethanolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. Gas chromatography was used to analyse the liquid phase compositions. The setup has been validated against literature data for 30 mass% MEA (monoethanolamine) at T = 313 and 393 K and was shown to be capable of generating reliable and repeatable data. New measurements for 30 mass% aqueous AMP (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol) solutions are also presented at temperatures between 313 and 393 K and a total pressure range of 23–983 kPa. A quasi-chemical model has been employed to interpret the experimental data for the MEA–H2O–CO2 and AMP–H2O–CO2 systems. The average absolute deviation (ΔAAD) between model prediction and experimental data is within 7%.
  • Journal article
    Bakewell C, Thi-Phuong-Anh C, Long N, Le Goff XF, Auffrant A, Williams CKet al., 2012,

    Yttrium Phosphasalen Initiators for rac-Lactide Polymerization: Excellent Rates and High Iso-Selectivities

    , JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol: 134, Pages: 20577-20580, ISSN: 0002-7863
  • Journal article
    Llovell F, Mac Dowell N, Bias FJ, Galindo A, Jackson Get al., 2012,

    Application of the SAFT-VR density functional theory to the prediction of the interfacial properties of mixtures of relevance to reservoir engineering

    , FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA, Vol: 336, Pages: 137-150, ISSN: 0378-3812
  • Conference paper
    Jordan N, Allison PA, Hill JH, Sutton MDet al., 2012,

    Carbonates, ammonites and the fate of aragonite: a new perspective from the Lower Jurassic of Lyme Regis

    , British Sedimentological Research Group Annual Meeting

    The Lower Jurassic Blue Lias Formation at Lyme Regis, Dorset, preserves a diverse assemblage of invertebrate and vertebrate fossils within rhythmic packages of shales, marls and carbonates. One limestone bed in particular, Bed 29, preserves a unique pavement of very large (up to 72 cm) ammonites, initially buried in carbonate mud before diagenetic cementation. The ammonite accumulation is most likely due to sedimentological condensation but the mechanisms for preserving an aragonitic shell long enough for it to be neomorphosed to calcite on the seabed are a challenge for conventional taphonomic models. It has been suggested that early dissolution of aragonite is a major process in offshore deeper ramp settings, resulting in the removal of sediment prior to lithification. We present field-based evidence for a new model of aragonite preservation within a cyclic oxic-anoxic carbonate environment, using ammonite preservation to track the fate of aragonite in different depositional environments. The carbonate sediment provides a short-term geochemical buffer that militates against the dissolution of aragonite sediment and molluscs, allowing neomorphism to calcite under some conditions. The broader implications of this model for the preservation of molluscan shells and reduced sediment dissolution in carbonate environments under variably oxygenated conditions are evaluated.
  • Journal article
    Fennell PS, Florin N, Napp T, Hills Tet al., 2012,

    CCS from industrial sources

    , Sustainable Technologies, Systems & Policies, Vol: 2012, ISSN: 2220-2765
  • Journal article
    Mac Dowell N, Shah N, 2012,

    Shipping and CCS: A systems perspective

    , Sustainable Technologies, Systems & Policies, Vol: 2012, ISSN: 2220-2765
  • Journal article
    Iacovidou E, Ohandja D-G, Voulvoulis N, 2012,

    Food waste co-digestion with sewage sludge - Realising its potential in the UK

    , JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, Vol: 112, Pages: 267-274, ISSN: 0301-4797
  • Journal article
    Kirchartz T, Agostinelli T, Campoy-Quiles M, Gong W, Nelson Jet al., 2012,

    Understanding the Thickness-Dependent Performance of Organic Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: The Influence of Mobility, Lifetime, and Space Charge

    , JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, Vol: 3, Pages: 3470-3475, ISSN: 1948-7185
  • Journal article
    Hausmann U, Czaja A, 2012,

    The observed signature of mesoscale eddies in sea surface temperature and the associated heat transport

    , DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS, Vol: 70, Pages: 60-72, ISSN: 0967-0637
  • Journal article
    Keane A, Jones JPG, Milner-Gulland EJ, 2012,

    Modelling the effect of individual strategic behaviour on community-level outcomes of conservation interventions

    , ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION, Vol: 39, Pages: 305-315, ISSN: 0376-8929
  • Conference paper
    von Srbik MT, Martinez-Botas R, 2012,

    Vehicle Optimisation for Regenerative Brake Energy Maximisation

    , IMechE Sustainable Vehicles Technologies Conference

    Regenerative braking is an effective method to increase the driving range of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) and to reduce overall vehicle fuel consumption. This paper presents the potential savings due to regenerative braking and the resulting driving range extension. A Cooperative Regenerative Braking Strategy (CRBS) Matlab/Simulink environment has been developed. The regenerative energy and efficiency are evaluated for given driving cycle time-trace and vehicle component configuration in a flexible simulation platform architecture containing reduced-order component models.The paper focuses on vehicle configuration comparison and quantification including economic considerations. A sensitivity study yielded the isolated dependency of regeneration efficiency performance on several parameters, in decreasing order of impact: electric machine efficiency, drive type, power train configuration, brake torque application, shifting strategy, air resistance and vehicle mass. The resulting significance to improvements of the overall vehicle includes the likelihood of advances in the respective technologies.Optimum configurations for specific vehicle types and driving scenarios have been devised and potential savings due to CRBS implementation quantified; pointing towards the great significance of vehicle configuration optimisation for a particular application rather than the broadest customer base possible.Future projections in terms of Carbon Dioxide emission reduction due to regenerative braking and component optimisation (up to 40%) were made. The likelihood of technology advances and acceleration of innovation market diffusion following consumption trends were taken into account.Barriers to quick market implementation were explored, including initial capital investment, consumer reluctance to change, and marketing difficulties. Future development challenges in the Hybrid vehicle industry are discussed.

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