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• Journal article
  Sommer J, Pausch J, Brundrett MC, Dixon KW, Bidartondo MI, Gebauer Get al., 2012,

  Limited carbon and mineral nutrient gain from mycorrhizal fungi by adult Australian orchids.

  , American Journal of Botany

  • Premise of the study: In addition to autotrophic and fully mycoheterotrophic representatives, the orchid family comprises species that at maturity obtain C and N partially from fungal sources. These partial mycoheterotrophs are often associated with fungi that simultaneously form ectomycorrhizas with trees. This study investigates mycorrhizal nutrition for orchids from the southwestern Australian biodiversity hotspot.• Methods: The mycorrhizal fungi of 35 green and one achlorophyllous orchid species were analyzed using molecular methods. Nutritional mode was identified for 27 species by C and N isotope abundance analysis in comparison to non-orchids from the same habitat. As a complementary approach, (13)CO(2) pulse labeling was applied to a subset of six orchid species to measure photosynthetic capacity.• Key results: Almost all orchids associated with rhizoctonia-forming fungi. Due to much higher than expected variation within the co-occurring nonorchid reference plants, the stable isotope approach proved challenging for assigning most orchids to a specialized nutritional mode; therefore, these orchids were classified as autotrophic at maturity. The (13)CO(2) pulse labeling confirmed full autotrophy for six selected species. Nonetheless, at least three orchid species (Gastrodia lacista, Prasophyllum elatum, Corybas recurvus) were identified as nutritionally distinctive from autotrophic orchids and reference plants.• Conclusions: Despite the orchid-rich flora in southwestern Australia, partial mycoheterotrophy among these orchids is less common than in other parts of the world, most likely because most associate with saprotrophic fungi rather than ectomycorrhizal fungi.

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• Journal article
  Hoskins B, Fonseca R, Blackburn M, Jung Tet al., 2012,

  Relaxing the Tropics to an observed' state: analysis using a simple baroclinic model

  , QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Vol: 138, Pages: 1618-1626, ISSN: 0035-9009
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  • Citations: 17
• Journal article
  Sivakumar A, Pinjari A, 2012,

  Recent advances in activity and travel pattern modelling

  , TRANSPORTATION, Vol: 39, Pages: 749-754, ISSN: 0049-4488
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  • Citations: 1
• Journal article
  Simpson IR, Blackburn M, Haigh JD, 2012,

  A Mechanism for the Effect of Tropospheric Jet Structure on the Annular Mode-Like Response to Stratospheric Forcing

  , JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, Vol: 69, Pages: 2152-2170, ISSN: 0022-4928
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  • Citations: 20
• Journal article
  Masato G, Hoskins BJ, Woollings TJ, 2012,

  Wave-breaking characteristics of midlatitude blocking

  , QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Vol: 138, Pages: 1285-1296, ISSN: 0035-9009
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  • Citations: 98
• Journal article
  Kirchofer A, Brandt AR, Krevor S, Prigiobbe V, Wilcox Jet al., 2012,

  Impact of alkalinity sources on the life-cycle efficiency of mineral carbonation technologies

  , Energy and Environmental Science
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• Journal article
  THOMPSON RM, DUNNE JA, WOODWARD GUY, 2012,

  Freshwater food webs: towards a more fundamental understanding of biodiversity and community dynamics

  , Freshwater Biology, Vol: 57, Pages: 1329-1341, ISSN: 0046-5070
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• Journal article
  Tauxe L, Stickley CE, Sugisaki S, Bijl PK, Bohaty SM, Brinkhuis H, Escutia C, Flores JA, Houben AJP, Iwai M, Jimenez-Espejo FJ, McKay R, Passchier S, Pross J, Riesselman CR, Roehl U, Sangiorgi F, Welsh K, Klaus A, Fehr A, Bendle JAP, Dunbar R, Gonzalez J, Hayden T, Katsuki K, Olney MP, Pekar SF, Shrivastava PK, van de Flierdt T, Williams T, Yamane Met al., 2012,

  Chronostratigraphic framework for the IODP Expedition 318 cores from the Wilkes Land Margin: Constraints for paleoceanographic reconstruction

  , PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, Vol: 27, ISSN: 0883-8305
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  • Citations: 58
• Journal article
  Yoshida M, Ekins-Daukes NJ, Farrell DJ, Phillips CCet al., 2012,

  Photon ratchet intermediate band solar cells

  , Applied Physics Letters, Vol: 100, ISSN: 1077-3118

  In this paper, we propose an innovative concept for solar power conversion—the “photon ratchet” intermediate band solar cell (IBSC)—which may increase the photovoltaicenergy conversion efficiency of IBSCs by increasing the lifetime of charge carriers in the intermediate state. The limiting efficiency calculation for this concept shows that the efficiency can be increased by introducing a fast thermal transition of carriers into a non-emissive state. At 1 sun, the introduction of a “ratchet band” results in an increase of efficiency from 46.8% to 48.5%, due to suppression of entropy generation.

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• Journal article
  Irvine EA, Hoskins BJ, Shine KP, 2012,

  The dependence of contrail formation on the weather pattern and altitude in the North Atlantic

  , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 39, ISSN: 0094-8276
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  • Citations: 14
• Journal article
  Cotter CJ, Holm DD, 2012,

  On Noether's Theorem for the Euler-Poincaré equation on the diffeomorphism group with advected quantities

  , Foundations of Computational Mathematics, ISSN: 1615-3375
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• Journal article
  Chan N, Young T, Brindley H, Ekins-Daukes N, Araki K, Kemmoku Y, Yamaguchi Met al., 2012,

  Validation of energy prediction method for a concentrator photovoltaic module in Toyohashi Japan

  , Progress in Photovoltaics, Pages: n/a-n/a

  III–V concentrator photovoltaic systems attain high efficiency through the use of series connected multi-junction solar cells. As these solar cells absorb over distinct bands over the solar spectrum, they have a more complex response to real illumination conditions than conventional silicon solar cells. Estimates for annual energy yield made assuming fixed reference spectra can vary by up to 15% depending on the assumptions made. Using a detailed computer simulation, the behaviour of a 20-cell InGaP/In0.01GaAs/Ge multi-junction concentrator system was simulated in 5-min intervals over an entire year, accounting for changes in direct normal irradiance, humidity, temperature and aerosol optical depth. The simulation was compared with concentrator system monitoring data taken over the same period and excellent agreement (within 2%) in the annual energy yield was obtained. Air mass, aerosol optical depth and precipitable water have been identified as atmospheric parameters with the largest impact on system efficiency.

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• Journal article
  Woodward G, Gessner MO, Giller PS, Gulis V, Hladyz S, Lecerf A, Malmqvist B, McKie BG, Tiegs SD, Cariss H, Dobson M, Elosegi A, Ferreira V, Graça MAS, Fleituch T, Lacoursière JO, Nistorescu M, Pozo J, Risnoveanu G, Schindler M, Vadineanu A, Vought LB-M, Chauvet Eet al., 2012,

  Continental-scale effects of nutrient pollution on stream ecosystem functioning.

  , Science, Vol: 336, Pages: 1438-1440

  Excessive nutrient loading is a major threat to aquatic ecosystems worldwide that leads to profound changes in aquatic biodiversity and biogeochemical processes. Systematic quantitative assessment of functional ecosystem measures for river networks is, however, lacking, especially at continental scales. Here, we narrow this gap by means of a pan-European field experiment on a fundamental ecosystem process--leaf-litter breakdown--in 100 streams across a greater than 1000-fold nutrient gradient. Dramatically slowed breakdown at both extremes of the gradient indicated strong nutrient limitation in unaffected systems, potential for strong stimulation in moderately altered systems, and inhibition in highly polluted streams. This large-scale response pattern emphasizes the need to complement established structural approaches (such as water chemistry, hydrogeomorphology, and biological diversity metrics) with functional measures (such as litter-breakdown rate, whole-system metabolism, and nutrient spiraling) for assessing ecosystem health.

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• Journal article
  Beven K, Buytaert W, Smith LA, 2012,

  On virtual observatories and modelled realities (or why discharge must be treated as a virtual variable)

  , HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Vol: 26, Pages: 1906-1909, ISSN: 0885-6087
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  • Citations: 37
• Journal article
  Sanchez ST, Woods J, Akhurst M, Brander M, O'Hare M, Dawson TP, Edwards R, Liska AJ, Malpas Ret al., 2012,

  Accounting for indirect land-use change in the life cycle assessment of biofuel supply chains

  , JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE, Vol: 9, Pages: 1105-1119, ISSN: 1742-5689
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  • Citations: 55
• Journal article
  Keivanidis PE, Kamm V, Zhang W, Floudas G, Laquai F, McCulloch I, Bradley DDC, Nelson Jet al., 2012,

  Correlating Emissive Non-Geminate Charge Recombination with Photocurrent Generation Efficiency in Polymer/Perylene Diimide Organic Photovoltaic Blend Films

  , ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Vol: 22, Pages: 2318-2326, ISSN: 1616-301X
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  • Citations: 28
• Journal article
  Gires A, Onof C, Maksimovic C, Schertzer D, Tchiguirinskaia I, Simoes Net al., 2012,

  Quantifying the impact of small scale unmeasured rainfall variability on urban runoff through multifractal downscaling: A case study

  , JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY, Vol: 442, Pages: 117-128, ISSN: 0022-1694
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  • Citations: 72
• Journal article
  O'Reilly CH, Czaja A, LaCasce JH, 2012,

  The emergence of zonal ocean jets under large-scale stochastic wind forcing

  , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 39, ISSN: 0094-8276
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  • Citations: 10
• Journal article
  Ross N, Bingham RG, Corr HFJ, Ferraccioli F, Jordan TA, Le Brocq A, Rippin DM, Young D, Blankenship DD, Siegert MJet al., 2012,

  Steep reverse bed slope at the grounding line of the Weddell Sea sector in West Antarctica

  , NATURE GEOSCIENCE, Vol: 5, Pages: 393-396, ISSN: 1752-0894
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  • Citations: 84
• Journal article
  MacKenzie RCI, Shuttle CG, Chabinyc ML, Nelson Jet al., 2012,

  Extracting Microscopic Device Parameters from Transient Photocurrent Measurements of P3HT:PCBM Solar Cells

  , ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS, Vol: 2, Pages: 662-669, ISSN: 1614-6832
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  • Citations: 140
• Journal article
  Chiong MS, Rajoo S, Romagnoli A, Martinez-Botas RFet al., 2012,

  Single entry mixed flow turbine performance prediction with 1-D gas dynamic code coupled with mean line model

  , International Journal of Gas Turbine, Propulsion and Power Systems, Vol: 4, Pages: 8-16

  It is a well known fact that turbocharger works with pulsating exhaust flow in its entire operating life, hence the need to predict unsteady performance. This paper presents the unsteady performance prediction resultof a single entry nozzleless mixed flow turbine under steady flow and 60 Hz pulsating flow at 43.0 rps/ √ K operating speed. The modeling method coupled one-dimensional gas dynamic modelwith a mean-line model to predict the turbine efficiency by appropriate losses consideration. The coupled method assumes that the turbine volute has a large volume and length, so that unsteadiness effect of the pulsating flow is significant while the rotor is assumed to behave quasisteadily. A pressure drop boundary is used to simulate pressure drop across the turbine volute. The coupled method was validated with the experimentally measured steady state results of the same turbine. Experimentally measured total conditions of the flow were used as inlet conditions for the model during unsteady analysis. The predicted isentropic power averaged results show convincing match with the experimental data. This will set forward a systematic approach for engine designers to evaluate turbine performance beyond what will be normally provided by turbocharger manufacturers, which is the steady state map. Copyright © 2012 Gas Turbine Society of Japan.

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  • Citations: 6
• Journal article
  Hoshino E, Milner-Gulland EJ, Hillary RM, 2012,

  Bioeconomic adaptive management procedures for short-lived species: A case study of Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) and Japanese common squid (Todarodes pacificus)

  , FISHERIES RESEARCH, Vol: 121, Pages: 17-30, ISSN: 0165-7836
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  • Citations: 9
• Journal article
  Papworth SK, Bunnefeld N, Slocombe K, Milner-Gulland EJet al., 2012,

  Movement ecology of human resource users: using net squared displacement, biased random bridges and resource utilization functions to quantify hunter and gatherer behaviour

  , METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, Vol: 3, Pages: 584-594, ISSN: 2041-210X
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  • Citations: 30
• Journal article
  Howe C, Milner-Gulland EJ, 2012,

  The view from the office is not all bad: Conservation evaluation as a ’sexy’ research goal

  , Animal Conservation, Vol: 15, Pages: 231-232, ISSN: 1367-9430
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• Report
  Contestabile M, Offer GJ, North R, 2012,

  Electric Vehicles: A Synthesis of the Current Literature with a Focus on Economic and Environmental Viability

  , Publisher: LCAworks
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• Journal article
  Lauridsen RB, Edwards FK, Bowes MJ, Woodward G, Hildrew AG, Ibbotson AT, Jones JIet al., 2012,

  Consumer–resource elemental imbalances in a nutrient-rich stream

  , Freshwater Science, Vol: 31, Pages: 408-422, ISSN: 2161-9549
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• Journal article
  van Sebille E, Johns WE, Beal LM, 2012,

  Does the vorticity flux from Agulhas rings control the zonal pathway of NADW across the South Atlantic?

  , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS, Vol: 117, ISSN: 2169-9275
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  • Citations: 39
• Journal article
  Ahmed SE, Ewers RM, 2012,

  Spatial pattern of standing timber value across the Brazilian Amazon

  , PLoS One, Vol: 7, Pages: 1-7, ISSN: 1932-6203

  The Amazon is a globally important system, providing a host of ecosystem services from climate regulation to food sources. It is also home to a quarter of all global diversity. Large swathes of forest are removed each year, and many models have attempted to predict the spatial patterns of this forest loss. The spatial patterns of deforestation are determined largely by the patterns of roads that open access to frontier areas and expansion of the road network in the Amazon is largely determined by profit seeking logging activities. Here we present predictions for the spatial distribution of standing value of timber across the Amazon. We show that the patterns of timber value reflect large-scale ecological gradients, determining the spatial distribution of functional traits of trees which are, in turn, correlated with timber values. We expect that understanding the spatial patterns of timber value across the Amazon will aid predictions of logging movements and thus predictions of potential future road developments. These predictions in turn will be of great use in estimating the spatial patterns of deforestation in this globally important biome.

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• Journal article
  Zhao F, Li X, Graham N, 2012,

  Treatment of a model HA compound (resorcinol) by potassium manganate

  , SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 91, Pages: 52-58, ISSN: 1383-5866
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  • Citations: 10
• Journal article
  Brightman E, Maher R, Offer GJ, Duboviks V, Heck C, Cohen LF, Brandon NPet al., 2012,

  Designing a miniaturised heated stage for in situ optical measurements of solid oxide fuel cell electrode surfaces, and probing the oxidation of solid oxide fuel cell anodes using in situ Raman spectroscopy

  , REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS, Vol: 83, ISSN: 0034-6748
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  • Citations: 17

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